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      Whole-Genome Analysis of Halomonas sp. Soap Lake #7 Reveals It Possesses Putative Mrp Antiporter Operon Groups 1 and 2

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          Abstract

          The genus Halomonas possesses bacteria that are halophilic or halotolerant and exhibit a wide range of pH tolerance. The genome of Halomonas sp. Soap Lake #7 was sequenced to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms for salt and pH tolerance in this genus. The bacterium’s genome was found to possess two complete multiple resistance and pH antiporter systems, Group 1 and Group 2. This is the first report of both multiple resistance and pH antiporter Groups 1 and 2 in the genome of a haloalkaliphilic bacterium.

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          The National Center for Biotechnology Information's Protein Clusters Database

          William Klimke, Richa Agarwala, Azat Badretdin … (2009)
          Rapid increases in DNA sequencing capabilities have led to a vast increase in the data generated from prokaryotic genomic studies, which has been a boon to scientists studying micro-organism evolution and to those who wish to understand the biological underpinnings of microbial systems. The NCBI Protein Clusters Database (ProtClustDB) has been created to efficiently maintain and keep the deluge of data up to date. ProtClustDB contains both curated and uncurated clusters of proteins grouped by sequence similarity. The May 2008 release contains a total of 285 386 clusters derived from over 1.7 million proteins encoded by 3806 nt sequences from the RefSeq collection of complete chromosomes and plasmids from four major groups: prokaryotes, bacteriophages and the mitochondrial and chloroplast organelles. There are 7180 clusters containing 376 513 proteins with curated gene and protein functional annotation. PubMed identifiers and external cross references are collected for all clusters and provide additional information resources. A suite of web tools is available to explore more detailed information, such as multiple alignments, phylogenetic trees and genomic neighborhoods. ProtClustDB provides an efficient method to aggregate gene and protein annotation for researchers and is available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=proteinclusters.
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            Halomonas elongata, a New Genus and Species of Extremely Salt-Tolerant Bacteria

            R H Vreeland, C. D. LITCHFIELD, E. Martín … (1980)
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              The Mrp system: a giant among monovalent cation/proton antiporters?

              Terry Krulwich, Masahiro Ito, Richard Swartz … (2005)
              Mrp systems are a novel and broadly distributed type of monovalent cation/proton antiporter of bacteria and archaea. Monovalent cation/proton antiporters are membrane transport proteins that catalyze efflux of cytoplasmic sodium, potassium or lithium ions in exchange for external hydrogen ions (protons). Other known monovalent cation antiporters are single gene products, whereas Mrp systems have been proposed to function as hetero-oligomers. A mrp operon typically has six or seven genes encoding hydrophobic proteins all of which are required for optimal Mrp-dependent sodium-resistance. There is little sequence similarity of Mrp proteins to other antiporters but three of these proteins have significant sequence similarity to membrane embedded subunits of ion-translocating electron transport complexes. Mrp antiporters have essential roles in the physiology of alkaliphilic and neutralophilic Bacillus species, nitrogen-fixing Sinorhizobium meliloti and in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, although these bacteria contain multiple monovalent cation/proton antiporters. The wide distribution of Mrp systems leads to the anticipation of important roles in an even wider variety of pathogens, extremophiles and environmentally important organisms. Here, the distribution, established physiological roles and catalytic activities of Mrp systems are reviewed, hypotheses regarding their complexity are discussed and major open questions about their function are highlighted.
              Article 0 comments Cited 48 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Howard Ochman: Role: Associate Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Genome Biol Evol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Genome Biol Evol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): gbe
                Title: Genome Biology and Evolution
                Publisher: Oxford University Press
                ISSN (Electronic): 1759-6653
                Publication date Collection: June 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 June 2019
                Publication date PMC-release: 19 June 2019
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 1706-1709
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology
                [2 ]Applied Research Center, NSF International, Ann Arbor, Michigan
                [3 ]Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland
                [4 ]Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University
                Author notes
                Corresponding authors: E-mails: mmormile@ 123456mst.edu ; jdmiller@ 123456nsf.org .
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-2687
                Article
                Publisher ID: evz117
                DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz117
                PMC ID: 6598117
                PubMed ID: 31214690
                SO-VID: 352d815a-f093-4f90-bd48-08cdcaebfe73
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

                History
                Date accepted : 04 June 2019
                Page count
                Pages: 4
                Funding
                Funded by: Department of Biological Sciences
                Funded by: NSF International
                Funded by: Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
                Funded by: U.S. Food and Drug Administration 10.13039/100000038
                Categories
                Subject: Genome Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Keywords: mrp antiporter operon system,halomonas,ph tolerance,salt tolerance,extremophiles
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Keywords: mrp antiporter operon system, halomonas, ph tolerance, salt tolerance, extremophiles

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