Avaliação da restrição de participação, em idosos, antes e após a intervenção fonoaudiológica

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Abstract

OBJETIVO: estudar os efeitos da intervenção fonoaudiológica por meio da adaptação de próteses auditivas na restrição de participação em atividades de vida diária do idoso, segundo as variáveis sexo e faixa etária. MÉTODO: participaram do estudo 50 idosos, 23 do sexo feminino e 27 do sexo masculino. Os idosos foram distribuídos em dois grupos etários: Grupo 1 - com 24 idosos, 11 do sexo feminino e 13 do sexo masculino, com idade entre 60 e 74 anos ; Grupo 2 - com 26 idosos, 12 do sexo feminino e 14 do sexo masculino, com idade igual ou superior a 75 anos. Os idosos foram avaliados antes e um ano após a adaptação das próteses auditivas, por meio de questionário HHIE. Foram realizados acompanhamentos bimensais, totalizando sete reuniões, a fim de garantir o uso efetivo das próteses auditivas. O método estatístico incluiu estatísticas descritivas e análise de variância. RESULTADOS: a análise do HHIE revelou que houve redução significante da restrição de participação nas Escalas Emocional e Social no período pós intervenção, nas duas faixas etárias, tanto no sexo masculino quanto no feminino. CONCLUSÃO: há menor autopercepção das restrições de participação após a intervenção fonoaudiológica nas Escalas Social e Emocional do questionário HHIE.

Translated abstract

PURPOSE: to study the effects of audio logical rehabilitation through the fitting of hearing aids in participation restriction in daily living activities, according to gender and age. METHOD: the study included 50 seniors, 23 females and 27 males. The elderly were divided in two groups: Group 1 - with 24 seniors, 11 females and 13 males, aged between 60 and 74 years, Group 2 - with 26 seniors, 12 females and 14 males aged less than 75 years. The elderly were assessed before and one year after as for the adaptation of hearing aids through HHIE. Bi-monthly follow-ups were performed, making up a total of seven meetings, in order to ensure the effective use of hearing aids. The statistical method included descriptive statistics and variance analysis. RESULTS: the analysis revealed that there was HHIE significant reduction of participation restriction in Social and Emotional scales in the post intervention in both age groups, both males and females. CONCLUSION: there is minor perception of participation restrictions after audiological rehabilitation in the Scales of Social and Emotional HHIE.

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Most cited references 19

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The hearing handicap inventory for the elderly: a new tool.

I M Ventry, B Weinstein (2015)

This report describes the development and standardization of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). This self-assessment tool is designed to assess the effects of hearing impairment on the emotional and social adjustment of elderly people. The inventory is comprised of two subscales: a 13-item subscale explores the emotional consequences of hearing impairment; a 12-item subscale explores both social and situational effects. The inventory was administered to 100 elderly subjects (mean age = 75 years) with hearing threshold levels in the better ear ranging from normal to severe. The reliability of the HHIE was evaluated by assessing its internal consistency through the computation of Chronbach's alpha. Alpha values ranged from 0.88 (social/situational subscale) to 0.95 for the entire inventory. Split-half reliabilities were equally high. The validity of the HHIE was not directly evaluated. Certain aspects of the data, however, support the construct validity of the instrument, while analysis of the questions themselves appears to attest to its content validity. Possible uses of the inventory were described and suggestions were made regarding future research on the instrument. The reliability and validity of the HHIE as well as its brevity, simplicity, and ease of administration and interpretation all recommend its use in assessing hearing handicap in the elderly.