Analysis of risk factors for the pathogenesis and prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy

Abstract

Objective To analyse the onset of sepsis-associated coagulopathy (SAC) and the risk factors afecting prognosis, provide ideas for preventing the occurrence of fepsi coagulopathy and improve prognosis.

Methods A total of 57 patients with sepsis, who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2020 to June 2021, were included. On the basis of the diagnostic criteria for sepsis coagulopathy, the patients were divided into the control group (diagnosed sepsis; the coagulation function is normal, 36 cases), the observation group (21 cases meet the diagnosis of coagulation dysfunction in sepsis), the death group (11 cases) and the survival group (46 cases). The general information of the research subjects, serum procalcitonin (PCT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) was collected, and the pathogenesis and prognosis of sepsis coagulopathy was analysed by comparing the two groups of clinical data risk factors.

Results No statistically significant difference in age and gender was found between the observation group and control group ( P> 0.05). The levels of serum PCT and APTT in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group [33.46(23.11, 63.25) ng/mL vs. 6.85(2.35, 8.77) ng/mL; 37.40(32.15, 45.15) s vs. 29.50(25.75, 33.50) s]. In addition, the FIB level decreased significantly [(2.90±0.95) g/L vs. (5.01±1.08) g/L], and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in age, gender and APTT between the death group and the survival group (all P>0.05). The serum PCT levels in death group was significantly higher than those in the survival group [44.73(7.48, 63.90) ng/mL vs. 7.78(3.56, 14.86) ng/mL], and the FIB level decreased significantly [(3.28±1.45) g/L vs. (4.46±1.37) g/L], and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Factor logistic regression analysis indicated that the increase in PCT ( OR = 1.275, 95% CI: 1.049–1.550) and the decrease in FIB ( OR = 0.124, 95% CI: 0.023–0.676) were considered as risk factors for SAC, and the increase in PCT ( OR = 0.918, 95% CI: 0.859–0.981) was considered as a risl^ factor for the prognosis of SAC (all P<0.05).

Conclusion In clinical practice, when the serum PCT level increases and the FIB level decreases, SAC may occur. The continuous increase of the PCT level in patients diagnosed with SAC may indicate a poor prognosis.

Abstract

摘要：目的 通过分析脓毒症相关凝血功能障碍(sepsis-associated coagulopathy, SAC)发病及影响预后的危险因 素, 为临床上预防脓毒症凝血功能障碍的发生、改善预后提供思路。 方法 收集蚌埠医学院第一附属医院重症医 学科2020年1月一2021年6月收治的57例脓毒症患者, 根据是否符合脓毒症相关凝血功能障碍诊断标准, 将患 者分成对照组(诊断脓毒症但凝血功能尚正常者, 36例)和观察组(符合脓毒症凝血功能障碍诊断者, 21例), 死 亡组(11例)和存活组(46例)。收集研究对象的一般资料、血清降钙素原(procalcitonin, PCT)、活化部分凝血活 酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT)、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, FIB), 通过比较临床资料分析脓毒症 凝血病发病及预后的危险因素。 结果 观察组与对照组年龄和性别比较差异无统计学意义(均 P>0.05), 观察 组血清 PCT、APTT 水平明显高于对照组[33.46 (23.11, 63.25) ng/mL vs. 6.85 (2.35, 8.77) ng/mL; 37.40 (32.15, 45.15) s vs. 29.50 (25.75, 33.50) s], FIB 水平明显低于对照组[(2.90±0.95) g/L vs. (5.01±1.08) g/L], 差异有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。死亡组和存活组相比, 年龄、性别和APTT差异无统计学意义(均 P>0.05), 死亡组血清 PCT 水平明显升高[44.73(7.48, 63.90) ng/mL vs. 7.78 (3.56, 14.86) ng/mL], FIB 水平明显 低于存活组[(3.28±1.45) g/L vs. (4.46±1.37) g/L], 差异有统计学意义(均 P<0.05);多元logistic回归分析 提示, PCT 升高( OR = 1.275, 95% CI: 1.049~1.550)、FIB 下降( OR = 0.124, 95% CI: 0.023~0.676)是 SAC 发病 的危险因素, PCT升高( OR = 0.918, 95% CI: 0.859~0.981)是SAC预后的危险因素(均 P<0.05)。 结论 在临 床中, 当血清PCT水平升高、FIB水平降低时需警惕SAC的发生, 对于确诊SAC的患者PCT水平的持续升高可能 提示不良预后。