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      Arcobacter butzleri and A. cryaerophilus in human, animals and food sources, in southern Chile

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          Abstract

          The isolation frequency of Arcobacter species in children with diarrhea, fowls, mammals and food of avian and marine origin was established. In all the samples it was possible to isolate Arcobacter species corresponding 201 (39.4%) to A. butzleri and 24 (4.7) to A. cryaerophilus . Both species were simultaneously isolated in 19 (3.7%) being A. butzleri the most frequently isolated species.

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          Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella taxonomy: emendation of generic descriptions and proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov.

          B Hoste, Rowena J Keyser, P. Vandamme … (1990)
          Hybridization experiments were carried out between DNAs from more than 70 strains of Campylobacter spp. and related taxa and either 3H-labeled 23S rRNAs from reference strains belonging to Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter sputorum, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter nitrofigilis, an unnamed Campylobacter sp. strain, and a Wolinella succinogenes strain or 3H- or 14C-labeled 23S rRNAs from 13 gram-negative reference strains. An immunotyping analysis of 130 antigens versus 34 antisera of campylobacters and related taxa was also performed. We found that all of the named campylobacters and related taxa belong to the same phylogenetic group, which we name rRNA superfamily VI and which is far removed from the gram-negative bacteria allocated to the five rRNA superfamilies sensu De Ley. There is a high degree of heterogeneity within this rRNA superfamily. Organisms belonging to rRNA superfamily VI should be reclassified in several genera. We propose that the emended genus Campylobacter should be limited to Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter mucosalis, Campylobacter sputorum, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari, and "Campylobacter upsaliensis." Wolinella curva and Wolinella recta are transferred to the genus Campylobacter as Campylobacter curvus comb. nov. and Campylobacter rectus comb. nov., respectively. Bacteroides gracilis and Bacteroides ureolyticus are generically misnamed and are closely related to the genus Campylobacter. Campylobacter nitrofigilis, Campylobacter cryaerophila, and an unnamed Campylobacter sp. strain constitute a new genus, for which the name Arcobacter is proposed; this genus contains two species, Arcobacter nitrofigilis comb. nov. (type species) and Arcobacter cryaerophilus comb. nov. Wolinella succinogenes so far is the only species of the genus Wolinella. The genus Helicobacter is also emended; Campylobacter cinaedi and Campylobacter fennelliae are included in this genus as Helicobacter cinaedi comb. nov. and Helicobacter fennelliae comb. nov., respectively. The genus "Flexispira," with "Flexispira rappini" as the only species, is closely related to the genus Helicobacter. The free-living, sulfur-reducing campylobacters do not belong to any of these genera; they probably constitute a distinct genus within rRNA superfamily VI.
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            Arcobacter butzleri: Underestimated Enteropathogen

            Valérie Prouzet-Mauléon, Leila Labadi, Nathalie Bouges … (2006)
            Molecular methods applied to 2,855 strains of Campylobacter-like organisms received from a surveillance network of Campylobacter infections in France identified 29 Arcobacter butzleri infections. This species ranks fourth for Campylobacteraceae isolation and appears to have the same pathogenic potential as the other species in the genus.
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              Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii.

              Linda der Veen, K Houf, Leonie de Visser … (2000)
              A multiplex PCR assay with five primers targeting the 16S and 23S rRNA genes was developed for the simultaneous detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii. The selected primers amplify a 257-bp fragment from A. cryaerophilus, a 401-bp fragment from A. butzleri and a 641-bp fragment from A. skirrowii. No PCR product was generated for closely related bacteria including Campylobacter and Helicobacter species. The assay was useful to identify cultures after in vitro cultivation and to detect and identify A. butlzeri and A. cryaerophilus from poultry samples present in 24-h old enrichment in Arcobacter broth with cefoperazone, amphotericin and teicoplanin (CAT)-supplement.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Braz J Microbiol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Braz. J. Microbiol
                Title: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
                Publisher: Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia
                ISSN (Print): 1517-8382
                ISSN (Electronic): 1678-4405
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 March 2015
                Publication date Collection: March 2015
                Volume: 46
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 145-147
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Instituto de Microbiologia Clinica, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
                [2 ]Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
                Author notes
                Send correspondence to H. Fernandez. Instituto de Microbiologia Clinica, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile. E-mail: hfernand@ 123456uach.cl .

                Associate Editor: Nilton Erbet Lincopan Huenuman

                Article
                Publisher ID: 1517-8382-bjm-46-01-0145
                DOI: 10.1590/S1517-838246120140095
                PMC ID: 4512057
                PubMed ID: 26221100
                SO-VID: 356e9af8-fad7-4db2-a2fc-f643e52d97c0
                Copyright © Copyright © 2015, Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia
                License:

                All the content of the journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons License CC BY-NC.

                History
                Date received : 01 February 2014
                Date accepted : 06 June 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 3
                Categories
                Subject: Medical Microbiology

                Keywords: arcobacter diarrhea,reservoirs,food
                Data availability:
                Keywords: arcobacter diarrhea, reservoirs, food

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