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      Aktueller Stand zu „liquid biopsy“ und Diagnostik – Beiträge vom ASCO und ESMO 2022 Translated title: Current trends in liquid biopsy and diagnostics—contributions from ASCO and ESMO 2022

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund

          „Liquid biopsy“ ist ein diagnostisches Hilfsmittel, das bereits in einigen Tumorentitäten klinisch eingesetzt wird und großes Potenzial auch im Kopf-Hals Bereich zeigt. Die Autoren stellen hierfür eine Auswahl von Artikeln der Kongresse der ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) und der ESMO (European Society of Medical Oncology) aus dem Kongressjahr 2022 vor.

          Ziel der Arbeit

          Relevante Publikationen werden zusammenfasst dargestellt und kommentiert.

          Methoden

          Über eine Datenbankabfrage wurden Abstracts der ASCO- und ESMO-Tagungen 2022 recherchiert, die sich mit „liquid biopsy“ und verwandter Diagnostik bei Kopf-Hals-Plattenepithelkarzinomen beschäftigten. Forschungsankündigungen ohne Ergebnisse sowie Publikationen mit Überschneidung zu den weiteren Artikeln des Sonderhefts wurden aussortiert. Es wurden 523 Arbeiten gescreent, davon wurden 50 weiterführend bewertet und 9 für diese Veröffentlichung ausgewählt.

          Ergebnisse

          Es werden 6 Artikel vorgestellt, die sich mit DNA und zellbasierter „liquid biopsy“ beschäftigen sowie 3 Artikel zu weiteren Themen in der Diagnostik von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren. Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert und im Kontext der Gesamtliteratur bewertet.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Multiple Studien zeigen übereinstimmend vielversprechende Ergebnisse für den Einsatz von zirkulierender Tumor-DNA (ctDNA) in der Therapieüberwachung von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren. Der Einzug in die Praxis ist abhängig von größeren Studienkollektiven und sinkenden Untersuchungskosten.

          Translated abstract

          Background

          Liquid biopsy is a promising new diagnostic tool that is already used in clinical practice for multiple tumor entities and which also has great potential for head and neck cancer. Herein, the authors discuss a selection of publications from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) meetings in 2022.

          Objective

          Relevant publications are evaluated and summarized.

          Methods

          Using a databank inquiry, abstracts from the 2022 ASCO and ESMO conferences regarding liquid biopsy and related diagnostics for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were collected. Work without relevant data and statements of intent were not included. Duplicate articles across conferences were only quoted once. A total of 532 articles were screened, 50 articles were selected for further review, and 9 articles were selected for presentation.

          Results

          Six articles on cell- and RNA-based liquid biopsy and three articles on more general diagnostic tools in the treatment of head and neck cancer are presented. The results are discussed in relation to current treatment standards.

          Conclusion

          Multiple studies show promising results for the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for treatment surveillance in head and neck cancer. Integration into clinical practice will depend on larger study cohorts and sinking costs.

          Related collections

          Most cited references21

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          Is Open Access

          Exosomes as a new frontier of cancer liquid biopsy

          Liquid biopsy, characterized by minimally invasive detection through biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, has emerged as a revolutionary strategy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shuttle molecular cargoes from donor cells to recipient cells and play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication. Increasing studies suggest that exosomes have a great promise to serve as novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy, since large quantities of exosomes are enriched in body fluids and are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. However, the further clinical application of exosomes has been greatly restrained by the lack of high-quality separation and component analysis methods. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the conventional and novel technologies for exosome isolation, characterization and content detection. Additionally, the roles of exosomes serving as potential biomarkers in liquid biopsy for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis prediction of cancer are summarized. Finally, the prospects and challenges of applying exosome-based liquid biopsy to precision medicine are evaluated.
            • Record: found
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            Is Open Access

            Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases

            Over the last 10 years, the evaluation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an emerging marker of diseases has become a compelling field of bio-medical research. Although a precise and unique cut-off value has not been yet found, its role as a flag of immune system homeostasis is well established. NLR has a well-known prognostic value and independently correlates with mortality in the general population and in several specific subsets of disease (sepsis, pneumonia, COVID-19, cancer, etc.). Moreover, NLR was recently considered as part of the decision-making processes concerning the admission/recovery of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. This review aims to provide an overview of the main use of this biomarker, focusing on the pathophysiology and the molecular basis underlying its central role as a reliable mirror of inflammatory status and adaptive immunity.
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              The emerging field of lipidomics.

              The crucial role of lipids in cell, tissue and organ physiology is demonstrated by a large number of genetic studies and by many human diseases that involve the disruption of lipid metabolic enzymes and pathways. Examples of such diseases include cancer, diabetes, as well as neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. So far, the explosion of information in the fields of genomics and proteomics has not been matched by a corresponding advancement of knowledge in the field of lipids, which is largely due to the complexity of lipids and the lack of powerful tools for their analysis. Novel analytical approaches--in particular, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry--for systems-level analysis of lipids and their interacting partners (lipidomics) now make this field a promising area of biomedical research, with a variety of applications in drug and biomarker development.

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                markus.blaurock@med.uni-greifswald.de
                Journal
                HNO
                HNO
                Hno
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                0017-6192
                1433-0458
                19 May 2023
                : 1-6
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.412469.c, ISNI 0000 0000 9116 8976, Klinik für HNO, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, , Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, ; Ferdinand Sauerbruch Str., 17475 Greifswald, Deutschland
                Article
                1303
                10.1007/s00106-023-01303-z
                10198590
                37208494
                358e7835-1f50-4110-a76a-c2137e9223d2
                © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2023

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                : 30 March 2023
                Categories
                Leitthema

                plattenepithelkarzinome,kopf-hals-tumoren,rezidiv,zirkulierende tumor-dna ,zirkulierende tumorzellen,squamous cell carcinoma,head and neck neoplasms,recurrence,circulating tumor dna,circulating tumor cells

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