Periodontal health condition among 12–15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen

Abstract

Objective This epidemiology survey is intended to assess the periodontal health conditions of 12-to 15-year-old adolescents and the associated factors in Shenzhen.

Methods The study utilized a multistage stratified cluster method and recruited 5 509 middle school students aged 12 to 15. Gingival bleeding and calculus were conducted and a self-reported questionnaire was administered. Additional periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss examination were performed in the 15-year-age group. Periodontal conditions and the associated factors were analyzed by t-test, Chi-square method and Logistic regression.

Results The prevalence of gingival bleeding and calculus among adolescents was 43.95% and 44.25%, and the prevalence of periodontal pockets ≤3 mm was 0.57%. No periodontal pockets ≥6 mm or attachment loss ≥4 mm were detected. Gender, family income and frequency of teeth brushing were significantly associated with calculus detection ( P<0.05). The use of fluoride had an significant effect on gingival bleeding detection and calculus detection (χ ² = 9.70, 6.16, P<0.05).

Conclusion The periodontal health condition among 12–15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen is generally better than the national level. Adolescents living in high-economic districts and females had better periodontal health condition. The government can promote health education in schools and popularize the use of fluoride to improve the periodontal health condition among adolescents.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 评估深圳市 12~15 岁青少年牙周健康状况, 探索影响其牙周健康的相关因素, 为儿童青少年的牙周健康 状况改善提供参考依据。 方法 采用多阶段分层等容抽样方法, 随机抽取深圳市 12~15 岁 5 509 名中学生进行牙龈出血 和牙石的检查, 并完成自答问卷。15岁年龄组额外进行牙周袋深度和附着丧失的检查。统计分析采用 t 检验、χ ² 检验和 Logistic 回归分析以描述牙周健康状况并分析相关因素。 结果 12~15 岁青少年牙龈出血与牙石的检出率分别为 43.95% 和 44.25%, 15 岁青少年浅牙周袋的检出率为 0.57%, 牙周袋 ≥6 mm 与附着丧失 ≥4 mm 均未检出。不同性别、经济水平和 刷牙频率组牙石的检出情况差异均有统计学意义 ( P 值均<0.05)。不同含氟牙膏使用情况者牙龈出血和牙石的检出差异 均有统计学意义 (χ ² 值分别为 9.70,6.16, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 深圳市 12~15 岁青少年牙周健康水平普遍优于全国水平, 居住在高经济水平区的青少年与女性拥有更好的牙周健康状况。政府可采取推广校园健康教育、提高刷牙频率、提倡使用 含氟牙膏等方式改善青少年人群牙周健康状况。