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      Utilización del sistema V-Chair®, una smart therapeutical surface, en el cuidado de dos pacientes de alta dependencia y movilidad limitada, con discapacidad intelectual en un centro sociosanitario Translated title: Use of the V-Chair® system, a smart therapeutical surface in the care of two patients with intellectual disabilities with high dependence and limited mobility

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: El cuidado de pacientes de alta dependencia y movilidad limitada, en la práctica representa que estos pasen largos períodos en la cama y surjan importantes retos para ellos mismos y para sus cuidadores en diferentes dimensiones relacionadas con su descanso, ya sea en cama ya sea en sedestación. El encamamiento puede producir problemas en tres grandes dimensiones: dinámica del paciente en la cama, impacto en los cuidadores que atienden a la persona afectada y complicaciones clínicas relacionadas con la estancia prolongada en la cama. Hoy en día existen en el mercado camas con prestaciones especiales (las smart care beds), que facilitan el cuidado de los pacientes encamados y ayudan a disminuir tanto problemas clínicos relacionados con la situación de inmovilidad como sus repercusiones en los cuidadores a la hora de movilizarlos. A lo largo del artículo veremos que la introducción de la robótica aplicada a los movimientos de las camas inteligentes conlleva a una evolución de estas: las smart therapeutical surfaces. Estas proveen de movimientos robóticos únicos, automatizados, programables y personalizables, lo que puede abrir una nueva dimensión en los cuidados a personas encamadas. Metodología: Se presentan 2 casos clínicos correspondientes a la utilización del sistema V-Chair®, una smart therapeutical surface (S.T. Surface®), con la doble funcionalidad de silla de ruedas eléctrica indoor y cama clínica articulada hospitalaria, con movimientos únicos y patentados no existentes en ninguna otra opción de mercado, que permiten incrementar la calidad de vida y la autonomía del paciente encamado de alta dependencia. Las múltiples opciones de movimientos que permite V-Chair® aparentemente facilitan la prevención y la reducción de problemas clínicos derivados del encamamiento prolongado, la reducción de la cantidad de personal asistencial necesario durante las tareas de cuidado y manipulación, a la vez que reducen los esfuerzos y malas posturas por parte del personal de enfermería. V-Chair® se utilizó en el cuidado de dos pacientes de alta dependencia y movilidad limitada, con discapacidad intelectual, ingresados en un centro sociosanitario. Se evalúa el impacto de su utilización, tanto a nivel clínico como en el manejo de los pacientes por parte de sus cuidadores. Resultados: La utilización del sistema V-Chair® ha contribuido a solucionar problemas clínicos relacionados con el encamamiento (lesiones por presión, control de disfagias, reducción de estreñimiento y reducción de peso), ha representado la posibilidad de realizar más cambios posturales con menos recursos humanos, ha permitido disminuir el tiempo de los profesionales para realizar los cuidados de higiene y ha disminuido la realización de transferencias de los pacientes, y se ha valorado muy bien por el equipo asistencial en cuanto a la facilitación segura de los cambios posturales y a la movilización de los pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Caring for patients with high dependency and limited mobility represents in practice that these patients spend long periods of time in bed, arising important challenges for themselves and for their caregivers in different dimensions related to their rest, either in bed or sitting. Bed confinement can cause problems in three broad dimensions: patient dynamics in bed, impact on caregivers caring for the affected person, and clinical complications related to prolonged stay in bed. Today there are beds on the market with special features (smart care beds) which facilitate the care of bedridden patients and help to reduce both clinical problems related to the situation of immobility, as well as its repercussions on caregivers when mobilizing them, but we will see throughout the article that the introduction of robotics applied to the movements of smart beds leads to an evolution of the same: the smart therapeutical surfaces. These provide unique, automatized, programmable and personalized robotic movements, which can lead to a new dimension in the care of bedridden people. Methods: Two clinical cases are presented corresponding to the use of the V-Chair® system, a Smart Therapeutic Surface (S.T. Surface®) with the dual functionality of indoor electric wheelchair and a clinical hospital bed, with unique and patented movements non existing in any other option on the market. Due to nowadays results apparently increasing the quality of life and autonomy of the highly dependent bedridden patient. The multiple movements options provided by V-Chair® facilitates the prevention and reduction of clinical problems resulting from prolonged bed rest, the reduction of the number of nursing staff required during care and handling tasks, while reducing strain and poor posture on the side of the nursing staff. V-Chair® was used in the care of two highly dependent patients with limited mobility, with intellectual disabilities, admitted to a social-health care center. The impact of its use is evaluated, both clinically and in the management of the patients by their caregivers. Results: The use of the V-Chair® system has contributed to solve clinical problems related to bed rest (pressure ulcers, dysphagia control, constipation, and weight reduction), and even more it has added the possibility of making more postural changes with fewer human resources; has reduced the caregiver's time for performing hygiene and has reduced the number of patient transfers. Being highly considered by the nursing and caregivers' staff, due to the highly safety and easy mechanisms for making postural changes and whatever mobilization.

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          Most cited references40

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          The underrecognized epidemic of low mobility during hospitalization of older adults.

          To examine the proportion of time spent in three levels of mobility (lying, sitting, and standing or walking) by a cohort of hospitalized older veterans as measured by validated wireless accelerometers. A prospective, observational cohort study. One hundred fifty-bed Department of Veterans Affairs hospital. Forty-five hospitalized medical patients, aged 65 and older who were not delirious, did not have dementia, and were able to walk in the 2 weeks before admission were eligible. Wireless accelerometers were attached to the thigh and ankle of patients for the first 7 days after admission or until hospital discharge, whichever came first. The mean proportion of time spent lying, sitting, and standing or walking was determined for each hour after hospital admission using a previously validated algorithm. Forty-five male patients (mean age 74.2) with a mean length of stay of 5.1 days generated 2,592 one-hour periods of data. A baseline functional assessment indicated that 35 (77.8%) study patients were willing and able to walk a short distance independently. No patient remained in bed the entire measured hospital stay, but on average, 83% of the measured hospital stay was spent lying in bed. The average amount of time that any one individual spent standing or walking ranged from a low of 0.2% to a high of 21%, with a median of 3%, or 43 minutes per day. This is the first study to continuously monitor mobility levels early during a hospital stay. On average, older hospitalized patients spent most of their time lying in bed, despite an ability to walk independently.
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            Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders for Nurses in Hospitals, Long-Term Care Facilities, and Home Health Care: A Comprehensive Review.

            The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and reported injuries for nurses and nursing aides.
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              Prevalence and outcomes of low mobility in hospitalized older patients.

              To estimate the prevalence of different levels of mobility in a hospitalized older cohort, to measure the degree and rate of adverse outcomes associated with different mobility levels, and to examine the physician activity orders and documented reasons for bedrest in the lowest mobility group. A prospective cohort study. An 800-bed university teaching hospital. Four hundred ninety-eight hospitalized medical patients, aged 70 and older. Using average mobility level, scored from 0 to 12, the low-mobility group was defined as having a score of 4 or less, intermediate as a score of higher than 4 to 8, and high as higher than 8. Outcomes were functional decline, new institutionalization, death, and death or new institutionalization. Low and intermediate levels of mobility were common, accounting for 80 (16%) and 157 (32%) study patients, respectively. Overall, any activity of daily living (ADL) decline occurred in 29%, new institutionalization in 13%, death in 7%, and death or new institutionalization in 22% of patients in this cohort. When compared with the high mobility group, the low and intermediate groups were associated with the adverse outcomes in a graded fashion, even after controlling for multiple confounders. The low-mobility group had an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 5.6 (95% confidence interval (CI)=2.9-11.0) for ADL decline, 6.0 (95% CI=2.5-14.8) for new institutionalization, 34.3 (95% CI=6.3-185.9) for death, and 7.2 (95% CI=3.6-14.4) for death or new institutionalization. The intermediate group had adjusted ORs of 2.5 (95% CI=1.5-4.1), 2.9 (95% CI=1.4-6.0), 10.1 (95% CI=1.9-52.9), and 3.3 (95% CI=1.8-5.9) for ADL decline, new institutionalization, death, and death or new institutionalization, respectively. Bedrest was ordered at some point during hospitalization in 165 (33%) patients. For most patients, mobility was limited involuntarily (bedrest orders), and almost 60% of bedrest episodes in the lowest mobility group had no documented medical indication. Low mobility and bedrest are common in hospitalized older patients and are important predictors of adverse outcomes. This study demonstrated that the adverse outcomes associated with low mobility and bedrest may be viewed as iatrogenic events leading to complications, such as functional decline.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2022
                : 33
                : 1
                : 53-62
                Affiliations
                [6] Lleida Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de VIC orgdiv1grupo TR2Lab Spain
                [3] orgnameSAPIENS-FHWC Consultants
                [1] Manresa Barcelona orgnameFundació AMPANS España
                [4] orgnameGNEAUPP orgdiv1Comité Director
                [5] orgnameTrustee European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EPUAP)
                [2] Lleida Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de Lleida orgdiv1Facultat d'Infermeria i Fisioteràpia Spain
                Article
                S1134-928X2022000100012 S1134-928X(22)03300100012
                35e8e045-ce80-4f33-8ff0-ebf3002c1ae1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 November 2021
                : 11 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Helcos

                clinical bed,load handling,nursing care,smart therapeutical surface,pressure injuries,postural changes,transfers,Bed rest,manejo de cargas,cuidados de enfermería,lesiones por presión,cambios posturales,transferencias,cama clínica,Encamamiento

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