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      Laboratory procedures for the diagnosis of tuberculosis: a survey in ten Italian Regions Translated title: Diagnosi di laboratorio della tubercolosi: una indagine in dieci regioni italiane

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          Abstract

          The characteristics of laboratories performing tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic procedures were investigated in ten Italian Regions, through a mailed questionnaire. Three hundred and eighty laboratories answered (70.8% response rate), 250 of which performed directly at least one TB diagnostic procedure. Standard criteria concerning microscopy, culture, identification, and drug susceptibility testing were frequently not satisfied, particularly those related to the volume of activity (32% of laboratories performing microscopy examined < 10 samples and 36% of those performing culture performed < 20 cultures per week), processing time, biosafety requirements and participation to internal/external quality control programs. The survey's results highlight the need to promote the adoption of standardized procedures and to centralize the mycobacteriology testing in a reduced number of high quality laboratories, in order to improve diagnostic accuracy, resource management and quality of surveillance data.

          Translated abstract

          Le caratteristiche dei laboratori che eseguono esami di micobatteriologia sono state indagate in dieci regioni italiane mediante un questionario. Hanno risposto alla indagine 380 laboratori (tasso di risposta del 70.8%), 250 dei quali eseguivano direttamente almeno un esame diagnostico per la tubercolosi (TB). I criteri standard per microscopia, coltura, identificazione e antibiogramma spesso non erano soddisfatti, in particolare i criteri relativi ai volumi di attività (il 32% dei laboratori che eseguivano microscopia esaminava < 10 campioni per settimana e il 36% che eseguiva coltura effettuava < 20 colture alla settimana), tempo di risposta, requisiti di biosicurezza e programmi di controllo di qualità interni ed esterni. Si evidenzia la necessità di implementare procedure standardizzate e di centralizzare l'esecuzione dei test di micobatteriologia in laboratori di elevata qualità per migliorare l'accuratezza diagnostica, la gestione delle risorse e la qualità della sorveglianza.

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          Most cited references27

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          First tuberculosis cases in Italy resistant to all tested drugs.

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            125 years after Robert Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus: the new XDR-TB threat. Is "science" enough to tackle the epidemic?

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              Recommended standards for modern tuberculosis laboratory services in Europe.

              The principles underpinning these standards are that any tuberculosis laboratory-based diagnostic procedure should be performed by appropriately trained staff, working to standardised operating procedures in appropriately equipped and safe laboratories, against clear national and international proficiency and quality standards. Quality should be the pre-eminent criteria, not cost. The standards are technologically feasible, but initially may not be within the financial capacity of all laboratories. There is a requirement for government and international donors to adequately fund an appropriate safe infrastructure to enable staff to deliver accurate and timely results at whatever level of activity they are performing. There is a need for national reference laboratories to train a new cadre of mycobacterial laboratory experts. This will require the funding of appropriate individuals at these centres to train and assist in the implementation of good laboratory practice and evaluation to build sustainable capacity. Further operational research is needed to establish the optimal configuration of new technologies to determine isoniazid, rifampicin and second-line drug susceptibility in mycobacterial cultures and also, increasingly, directly on specimens. Improved integration of laboratory medicine as a core part of all tuberculosis programmes is needed to achieve and maximise the potential of new developments.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aiss
                Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità
                Ann. Ist. Super. Sanità
                Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Roma )
                0021-2571
                June 2010
                : 46
                : 2
                : 178-184
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Agenzia Sanitaria e Sociale Regionale Italy
                Article
                S0021-25712010000200012
                10.4415/ANN_10_02_12
                36212123-bb25-49ec-b497-fb5e437e04a0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
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                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0021-2571&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Care Sciences & Services

                Health & Social care
                Mycobacterium tuberculosis,laboratories,diagnostic tests,survey,laboratori,test diagnostici,indagine

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