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      Emerging Trends in the Delivery of Resveratrol by Nanostructures: Applications of Nanotechnology in Life Sciences

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          Abstract

          Resveratrol (RES) is a stilbene group of natural polyphenolic compounds in trees, peanuts, and grapes. RES is revealed with anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. Though it is proven with prominent therapeutic activity, low aqueous solubility, poor bioavailability, and short half-life had hindered its use to exploit the potential. Also, the first-pass metabolism and undergoing enterohepatic recirculation are obscure in the minds of researchers for their in vitro studies. Many approaches have been investigated and shown promising results in manipulating their physicochemical properties to break this barrier. Nanocarriers are one of them to reduce the first-pass metabolism and to overcome other hurdles. This article reviews and highlights such encapsulation technologies. Nanoencapsulated RES improves in vitro antioxidant effect, and this review also highlights the new strategies and the concept behind how resveratrol can be handled and implemented with better therapeutic efficacy.

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          Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease

          Kanti Bhooshan Pandey, Syed Ibrahim Rizvi (2009)
          Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation or aggression by pathogens. In the last decade, there has been much interest in the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidant. Epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols offer protection against development of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health.
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            Colorectal cancer statistics, 2014.

            Rebecca Siegel, Carol DeSantis, Ahmedin Jemal (2014)
            Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death in men and women in the United States. This article provides an overview of colorectal cancer statistics, including the most current data on incidence, survival, and mortality rates and trends. Incidence data were provided by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were provided by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2014, an estimated 71,830 men and 65,000 women will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 26,270 men and 24,040 women will die of the disease. Greater than one-third of all deaths (29% in men and 43% in women) will occur in individuals aged 80 years and older. There is substantial variation in tumor location by age. For example, 26% of colorectal cancers in women aged younger than 50 years occur in the proximal colon, compared with 56% of cases in women aged 80 years and older. Incidence and death rates are highest in blacks and lowest in Asians/Pacific Islanders; among males during 2006 through 2010, death rates in blacks (29.4 per 100,000 population) were more than double those in Asians/Pacific Islanders (13.1) and 50% higher than those in non-Hispanic whites (19.2). Overall, incidence rates decreased by approximately 3% per year during the past decade (2001-2010). Notably, the largest drops occurred in adults aged 65 and older. For instance, rates for tumors located in the distal colon decreased by more than 5% per year. In contrast, rates increased during this time period among adults younger than 50 years. Colorectal cancer death rates declined by approximately 2% per year during the 1990s and by approximately 3% per year during the past decade. Progress in reducing colorectal cancer death rates can be accelerated by improving access to and use of screening and standard treatment in all populations. © 2014 American Cancer Society, Inc.
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              Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes.

              M. Jang, L Cai, G O Udeani … (1997)
              Resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in grapes and other food products, was purified and shown to have cancer chemopreventive activity in assays representing three major stages of carcinogenesis. Resveratrol was found to act as an antioxidant and antimutagen and to induce phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes (anti-initiation activity); it mediated anti-inflammatory effects and inhibited cyclooxygenase and hydroperoxidase functions (antipromotion activity); and it induced human promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation (antiprogression activity). In addition, it inhibited the development of preneoplastic lesions in carcinogen-treated mouse mammary glands in culture and inhibited tumorigenesis in a mouse skin cancer model. These data suggest that resveratrol, a common constituent of the human diet, merits investigation as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent in humans.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Hitesh Chopra: (View ORCID Profile)
                Fahad A. Alhumaydhi: (View ORCID Profile)
                Atif Amin Baig: (View ORCID Profile)
                Talha Bin Emran: (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Title: Journal of Nanomaterials
                Abbreviated Title: Journal of Nanomaterials
                Publisher: Hindawi Limited
                ISSN (Electronic): 1687-4129
                ISSN (Print): 1687-4110
                Publication date Created: March 8 2022
                Publication date (Print): March 8 2022
                Volume: 2022
                Pages: 1-17
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
                [2 ]Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091 Yunnan, China
                [3 ]The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091 Yunnan, China
                [4 ]Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
                [5 ]Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
                [6 ]GENOMAC HUB, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
                [7 ]Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
                [8 ]Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
                [9 ]Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
                [10 ]Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia
                [11 ]Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2022/3083728
                SO-VID: 364195ae-719f-486f-84f0-d760143f42b4
                Copyright statement: © 2022
                License:

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Self URI (article page): https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2022/3083728/
                Self URI (pdf): http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2022/3083728.pdf

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