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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major threat to global public health. Kazakhstan has the second
highest percentage of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases among incident
tuberculosis cases in the world (WHO 2013). A high burden of MDR-TB suggests TB prevention,
control, and treatment programs are failing. This study provides an epidemiologic
profile of TB among injection drug users (IDUs), a high-risk and chronically underserved
population, in Kazakhstan.