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      HLA and HIV-1: heterozygote advantage and B*35-Cw*04 disadvantage.

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          Abstract

          A selective advantage against infectious disease associated with increased heterozygosity at the human major histocompatibility complex [human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II] is believed to play a major role in maintaining the extraordinary allelic diversity of these genes. Maximum HLA heterozygosity of class I loci (A, B, and C) delayed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) onset among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1), whereas individuals who were homozygous for one or more loci progressed rapidly to AIDS and death. The HLA class I alleles B*35 and Cw*04 were consistently associated with rapid development of AIDS-defining conditions in Caucasians. The extended survival of 28 to 40 percent of HIV-1-infected Caucasian patients who avoided AIDS for ten or more years can be attributed to their being fully heterozygous at HLA class I loci, to their lacking the AIDS-associated alleles B*35 and Cw*04, or to both.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Science
          Science (New York, N.Y.)
          American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
          0036-8075
          0036-8075
          Mar 12 1999
          : 283
          : 5408
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Intramural Research Support Program, Science Applications International Corporation Frederick, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
          Article
          10.1126/science.283.5408.1748
          10073943
          3666f205-b88f-413f-9a08-5a34feadb1f3
          History

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