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      Effects of Anthocyanins on Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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          Abstract

          Numerous clinical trials have examined the role of anthocyanins on cardiometabolic health, but their effects have not been quantitatively synthesized and systematically evaluated. The aim of our study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of anthocyanins on glycemic regulation and lipid profiles in both healthy populations and those with cardiometabolic diseases. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane database, OVID EBM Reviews, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched until February 2017. RCTs with a duration of ≥2 wk that evaluated the effects of anthocyanins on glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and lipids as either primary or secondary outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the study quality. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were determined by random-effects models. Meta-regression, sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the influence of covariates on the overall effects. Thirty-two RCTs (1491 participants) were eligible for meta-analysis. Anthocyanins significantly reduced fasting glucose (SMD: −0.31; 95% CI: −0.59, −0.04; I 2 = 80.7%), 2-h postprandial glucose (SMD: −0.82; 95% CI: −1.49, −0.15; I 2 = 77.7), glycated hemoglobin (SMD: −0.65; 95% CI: −1.00, −0.29; I 2 = 72.7%), total cholesterol (SMD: −0.33; 95% CI: −0.62, −0.03; I 2 = 86.9%), and LDL (SMD: −0.35; 95% CI: −0.66, −0.05; I 2 = 85.2%). Sensitivity analyses showed that the overall effects remained similar by excluding the trials with a high or unclear risk of bias. The significant improvements in glycemic control and lipids support the benefits of anthocyanins in the prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of anthocyanins on metabolic profiles and to explore the optimal formula and dosage. The protocol for this review was registered at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#index.php as CRD42016033210.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Adv Nutr
          Adv Nutr
          advances in nutrition
          advannut
          Advances in Nutrition
          American Society for Nutrition
          2161-8313
          2156-5376
          7 September 2017
          September 2017
          1 September 2018
          : 8
          : 5
          : 684-693
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition and
          [2 ]Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
          Author notes
          Address correspondence to LiLi Yang (e-mail: yangll7@ 123456mail.sysu.edu.cn ) or ZL (e-mail: liuzhm8@ 123456mail.sysu.edu.cn ).

          Supported by the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 81130052).

          Author disclosures: LiPing Yang, WL, ZD, YC, DL, SD, ZL, and LiLi Yang, no conflicts of interest.

          Supplemental Table 1 and Supplemental Figures 1 and 2 are available from the “Online Supporting Material” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at http://advances.nutrition.org.

          Author information
          http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6560-0478
          Article
          PMC5593100 PMC5593100 5593100 014852
          10.3945/an.116.014852
          5593100
          28916569
          368e7da5-0fae-4011-b510-98ae168dac9b
          © 2017 American Society for Nutrition
          History
          Page count
          Pages: 10
          Categories
          Reviews

          anthocyanins,cardiovascular disease,meta-analysis,randomized controlled trial,type 2 diabetes

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