4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The discourses of risk of drug users in prison Translated title: Los discursos del riesgo de los usuarios de drogas en prisión

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          ABSTRACT

          Introduction and objectives:

          In the last twenty years, sociological changes and actions aimed at improving the health of inmates have contributed to decrease the prevalence of infectious diseases and overdoses among prison population. Currently, however, drug addictions treatment penitentiary programs are questioned for lacking of innovation and deficiencies in coverage. In order to investigate this issue we analyzed the discourses of imprisonned people regarding drug use and drug addiction programs.

          Materials and methods:

          We applied a qualitative phenomenological method. We carried out four discussion groups with 29 encarcerated drug users and made an analysis of the discourse about different possitionings towards drug use and drug addiction treatment programs.

          Results:

          From the combination of positions regarding drug use and drug addiction treatment programs emerged three kind of discourses respectively called: a) “reckless”, characteristic of people implied in risk practices without taking preventive measures; b) “adventourous”, tipical of those that take drugs both keeping the benefits of these practices and controls its negative consequences using prevention measures; c) “prudent”, of abstainers or occasionally users that minimize risks and damages.

          Discussion:

          Encarcerated population accept drug use practices based on three risk discourses. The present study shows out that, in order to increase the effectiveness of drug policies in prison, drug treatement programs goals must be adapted to drug users particular economization of risk strategies.

          RESUMEN

          Introducción y objetivos:

          En los últimos veinte años, los cambios sociológicos y las actuaciones encaminadas a mejorar la salud de los reclusos han contribuido a disminuir la prevalencia de enfermedades infectocontagiosas y de sobredosis entre la población penitenciaria. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, se cuestiona la falta de innovación y la baja cobertura de programas específicos para las drogodependencias en estas instituciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los discursos de la población penitenciaria en torno al consumo de drogas y a los programas de drogodependencias.

          Materiales y métodos:

          Estudio cualitativo con método fenomenológico. Se organizaron cuatro grupos de discusión con 29 consumidores de drogas. Se realizó un análisis del discurso de los posicionamientos del riesgo hacia el consumo de drogas y los programas de drogodependencias.

          Resultados:

          De la imbricación de los posicionamientos hacia el consumo de drogas y los programas de drogodependencias, emergieron tres discursos: a) “temerario”, realiza prácticas de riesgo sin tomar medidas de prevención; b) “aventurero”, consume drogas conservando los beneficios que estas reportan y controla las consecuencias negativas del consumo utilizando medidas de prevención; c) “prudente”, se mantiene abstinente o consume ocasionalmente, minimizando al máximo los riesgos y daños.

          Discusión:

          Las prácticas de consumo de drogas en prisión son asumidas por la población penitenciaria sobre la base de tres discursos del riesgo. Este estudio ilustra que para una mayor efectividad de las políticas de drogas en prisión es necesario adaptar los objetivos de los programas según la economización del riesgo de los consumidores de drogas.

          Related collections

          Most cited references40

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          El muestreo en investigación cualitativa: principios básicos y algunas controversias

          En este trabajo se presentan los fundamentos de la elección de los participantes en una investigación cualitativa, en contraste con los que rigen al muestreo probabilístico en la investigación epidemiológica. Se proponen los conceptos de generalizabilidad nomotética e ideográfica, y los de transferibilidad y reflexividad, para una mejor comprensión de las diferencias. Se mencionan los fundamentos de los principales tipos de muestreo que suelen utilizarse en investigación cualitativa, el significado del concepto de saturación y algunos de sus cuestionamientos. Por último, se plantean algunas reflexiones en torno a las controversias suscitadas en los últimos años sobre las diversas perspectivas paradigmáticas desde las cuales se puede efectuar hoy día la investigación cualitativa, sus posibilidades de combinación con la investigación epidemiológica, y algunas implicaciones para el estudio de los problemas de salud.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Approaches to Recruiting 'hard-To-Reach'Populations into Re-search: A Review of the Literature

            Background: ‘Hard-to-reach’ is a term used to describe those sub-groups of the population that may be difficult to reach or involve in research or public health programmes. Application of a single term to call these sub-sections of populations implies a homogeneity within distinct groups, which does not necessarily exist. Different sampling techniques were introduced so far to recruit hard-to-reach populations. In this article, we have reviewed a range of ap¬proaches that have been used to widen participation in studies. Methods: We performed a Pubmed and Google search for relevant English language articles using the keywords and phrases: (hard-to-reach AND population* OR sampl*), (hidden AND population* OR sample*) and (“hard to reach” AND population* OR sample*) and a consul-tation of the retrieved articles’ bibliographies to extract empirical evidence from publications that discussed or examined the use of sampling techniques to recruit hidden or hard-to-reach populations in health studies. Results: Reviewing the literature has identified a range of techniques to recruit hard-to-reach populations, including snowball sampling, respondent-driven sampling (RDS), indigenous field worker sampling (IFWS), facility-based sampling (FBS), targeted sampling (TS), time-location (space) sampling (TLS), conventional cluster sampling (CCS) and capture re-capture sampling (CR). Conclusion: The degree of compliance with a study by a certain ‘hard-to-reach’ group de-pends on the characteristics of that group, recruitment technique used and the subject of inter-est. Irrespective of potential advantages or limitations of the recruitment techniques reviewed, their successful use depends mainly upon our knowledge about specific characteristics of the target populations. Thus in line with attempts to expand the current boundaries of our know-ledge about recruitment techniques in health studies and their applications in varying situa-tions, we should also focus on possibly all contributing factors which may have an impact on participation rate within a defined population group. Health Promotion Perspectives; ISSN: 2228-6497
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Meta-analysis of drug-related deaths soon after release from prison

              Aims The transition from prison back into the community is particularly hazardous for drug-using offenders whose tolerance for heroin has been reduced by imprisonment. Studies have indicated an increased risk of drug-related death soon after release from prison, particularly in the first 2 weeks. For precise, up-to-date understanding of these risks, a meta-analysis was conducted on the risk of drug-related death in weeks 1 + 2 and 3 + 4 compared with later 2-week periods in the first 12 weeks after release from prison. Methods English-language studies were identified that followed up adult prisoners for mortality from time of index release for at least 12 weeks. Six studies from six prison systems met the inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted independently. Results These studies contributed a total of 69 093 person-years and 1033 deaths in the first 12 weeks after release, of which 612 were drug-related. A three- to eightfold increased risk of drug-related death was found when comparing weeks 1 + 2 with weeks 3–12, with notable heterogeneity between countries: United Kingdom, 7.5 (95% CI: 5.7–9.9); Australia, 4.0 (95% CI: 3.4–4.8); Washington State, USA, 8.4 (95% CI: 5.0–14.2) and New Mexico State, USA, 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3–7.1). Comparing weeks 3 + 4 with weeks 5–12, the pooled relative risk was: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3–2.2). Conclusions These findings confirm that there is an increased risk of drug-related death during the first 2 weeks after release from prison and that the risk remains elevated up to at least the fourth week.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esp Sanid Penit
                Rev Esp Sanid Penit
                sanipe
                Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
                Sociedad Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
                1575-0620
                2013-6463
                Jan-Apr 2019
                01 June 2019
                : 21
                : 1
                : 28-37
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalBrians 1 Prison. Sant Esteve Sesrovires. Barcelona. orgdiv1Brians 1 Prison orgnameSant Esteve Sesrovires Barcelona, Spain
                [2 ] originalFaculty of Health Sciences of Manresa. University of Catalunya. normalizedUniversitat Internacional de Catalunya orgdiv1Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa orgnameUniversity of Catalunya Spain
                Author notes
                CORRESPONDENCE: Rafael Clua-García. Centro penitenciario Brians 1. Sant Esteve Sesrovires. Barcelona. E-Mail: rclua@ 123456umanresa.cat
                Article
                00005
                6788205
                31498857
                36dbca7f-9130-48bb-afb6-ee2f65dc9a07

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 22 May 2018
                : 24 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 10
                Funding
                Funded by: Centre d’Estudis Jurídics i Formació Especialitzada of the Justice Department of the Regional Government of Catalonia
                Award ID: D/480000100/2150
                Categories
                Original Articles

                harm reduction,methadone,needle-exchange programs,program evaluation,qualitative research,hiv infections,hepatitis c,prisons,reducción del daño,metadona,programas de intercambio de agujas,evaluación de programas y proyectos de salud,investigación cualitativa,infecciones por vih,prisiones

                Comments

                Comment on this article