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      Water quality assessment based on the water quality index method in Lake Poyang: The largest freshwater lake in China

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          Abstract

          Twenty-four samplings were conducted every 3 months at 15 sites from January 2009 to October 2014 in Lake Poyang, and 20 parameters were analyzed and classified into three groups (toxic metals, easily treated parameters, and others). The assessment results based on water quality index (WQI) showed that the water quality in Lake Poyang was generally “moderate”, according to the classification of the surface water quality standard (GB3838-2002) in China, but a deteriorating trend was observed at the interannual scale. Seasonally, the water quality was best in summer and worst in winter. Easily treated parameters generally determined the WQI value in the assessment, especially total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), while toxic metals and other parameters in Lake Poyang were generally at low and safe levels for drinking water. Water level (WL) has a net positive effect on water quality in Lake Poyang through dilution of environmental parameters, which in practice means TN. Consequently, local management agencies should pay more attention to nutrient concentrations during the monitoring schedule, as well as during the low-water periods which manifest a relatively bad water quality state, especially with the prevailing low WL observed recently in Lake Poyang.

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          Most cited references45

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          Global impacts of conversions from natural to agricultural ecosystems on water resources: Quantity versus quality

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            Eutrophication of lake waters in China: cost, causes, and control.

            C. Le, Y Zha, Y. Li (2010)
            Lake water eutrophication has become one of the most important factors impeding sustainable economic development in China. Knowledge of the current status of lake water eutrophication and determination of its mechanism are prerequisites to devising a sound solution to the problem. Based on reviewing the literature, this paper elaborates on the evolutional process and current state of shallow inland lake water eutrophication in China. The mechanism of lake water eutrophication is explored from nutrient sources. In light of the identified mechanism strategies are proposed to control and tackle lake water eutrophication. This review reveals that water eutrophication in most lakes was initiated in the 1980s when the national economy underwent rapid development. At present, the problem of water eutrophication is still serious, with frequent occurrence of damaging algal blooms, which have disrupted the normal supply of drinking water in shore cities. Each destructive bloom caused a direct economic loss valued at billions of yuan. Nonpoint pollution sources, namely, waste discharge from agricultural fields and nutrients released from floor deposits, are identified as the two major sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, all control and rehabilitation measures of lake water eutrophication should target these nutrient sources. Biological measures are recommended to rehabilitate eutrophied lake waters and restore the lake ecosystem in order to bring the problem under control.
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              Water quality assessment and apportionment of pollution sources of Gomti river (India) using multivariate statistical techniques—a case study

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                zswu@niglas.ac.cn
                ywchen@niglas.ac.cn
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                21 December 2017
                21 December 2017
                2017
                : 7
                : 17999
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000000119573309, GRID grid.9227.e, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, , Chinese Academy of Sciences, ; 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9885 0994, GRID grid.464380.d, Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, , Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ; Nanchang, 330200 China
                Article
                18285
                10.1038/s41598-017-18285-y
                5740168
                29269834
                36e9e5d6-71f0-4208-9e11-4723ca38d4d0
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 12 June 2017
                : 7 December 2017
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