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      Recent advances in multifunctional nanomaterials for photothermal-enhanced Fenton-based chemodynamic tumor therapy

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          Abstract

          Photothermal (PT)-enhanced Fenton-based chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has attracted a significant amount of research attention over the last five years as a highly effective, safe, and tumor-specific nanomedicine-based therapy. CDT is a new emerging nanocatalyst-based therapeutic strategy for the in situ treatment of tumors via the Fenton reaction or Fenton-like reaction, which has got fast progress in recent years because of its high specificity and activation by endogenous substances. A variety of multifunctional nanomaterials such as metal-, metal oxide-, and metal-sulfide-based nanocatalysts have been designed and constructed to trigger the in situ Fenton or Fenton-like reaction within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to generate highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which is highly efficient for the killing of tumor cells. However, research is still required to enhance the curative outcomes and minimize its side effects. Specifically, the therapeutic efficiency of certain CDTs is still hindered by the TME, including low levels of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), overexpression of reduced glutathione (GSH), and low catalytic efficacy of Fenton or Fenton-like reactions (pH 5.6–6.8), which makes it difficult to completely cure cancer using monotherapy. For this reason, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been utilized in combination with CDT to enhance therapeutic efficacy. More interestingly, tumor heating during PTT not only causes damage to the tumor cells but can also accelerate the generation of •OH via the Fenton and Fenton-like reactions, thus enhancing the CDT efficacy, providing more effective cancer treatment when compared with monotherapy. Currently, synergistic PT-enhanced CDT using multifunctional nanomaterials with both PT and chemodynamic properties has made enormous progress in cancer theranostics. However, there has been no comprehensive review on this subject published to date. In this review, we first summarize the recent progress in PT-enhanced Fenton-based CDT for cancer treatment. We then discuss the potential and challenges in the future development of PT-enhanced Fenton-based nanocatalytic tumor therapy for clinical application.

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          Highlights

          • This review summarizes recent progress in nanomaterials for PT-enhanced CDT.

          • PT-enhanced CDT as an emerging new modality for tumor-specific therapy.

          • The mechanism of PT-enhanced Fenton-based nanocatalytic tumor therapy is provided.

          • Propose the major challenges and prospects of nanomaterials for PT-enhanced CDT.

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          Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles.

          Nanoparticles containing magnetic materials, such as magnetite (Fe3O4), are particularly useful for imaging and separation techniques. As these nanoparticles are generally considered to be biologically and chemically inert, they are typically coated with metal catalysts, antibodies or enzymes to increase their functionality as separation agents. Here, we report that magnetite nanoparticles in fact possess an intrinsic enzyme mimetic activity similar to that found in natural peroxidases, which are widely used to oxidize organic substrates in the treatment of wastewater or as detection tools. Based on this finding, we have developed a novel immunoassay in which antibody-modified magnetite nanoparticles provide three functions: capture, separation and detection. The stability, ease of production and versatility of these nanoparticles makes them a powerful tool for a wide range of potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and environmental chemistry.
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            The intrinsic limits of conventional cancer therapies prompted the development and application of various nanotechnologies for more effective and safer cancer treatment, herein referred to as cancer nanomedicine. Considerable technological success has been achieved in this field, but the main obstacles to nanomedicine becoming a
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              The therapeutic properties of light have been known for thousands of years, but it was only in the last century that photodynamic therapy (PDT) was developed. At present, PDT is being tested in the clinic for use in oncology--to treat cancers of the head and neck, brain, lung, pancreas, intraperitoneal cavity, breast, prostate and skin. How does PDT work, and how can it be used to treat cancer and other diseases?
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Mater Today Bio
                Mater Today Bio
                Materials Today Bio
                Elsevier
                2590-0064
                04 January 2022
                January 2022
                04 January 2022
                : 13
                : 100197
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and R&E Center for Chemical and Biological Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
                [b ]Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Daehak-ro 61, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea
                [c ]School of Chemical Engineering, Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
                [d ]Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
                [e ]Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
                [f ]Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Daehak-ro 61, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea. euesoon@ 123456kumoh.ac.kr
                [∗∗ ]Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and R&E Center for Chemical and Biological Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. jbkim3@ 123456korea.ac.kr
                Article
                S2590-0064(21)00105-8 100197
                10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100197
                8753377
                35036895
                36f0100f-1505-465a-ad86-2d3c1d1ef9e0
                © 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 30 September 2021
                : 27 December 2021
                : 28 December 2021
                Categories
                Review Article

                nanomaterials,fenton reaction,chemodynamic therapy,photothermal therapy,combination therapy

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