The prevalence of behavioral disorders among children under parental care and out of parental care: A comparative study in India

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Abstract

Background

Children may suffer from a wide range of behavioral problems, but children living under conditions of perpetual stress and trauma and experiencing breakdown of family structures are tremendously affected. This study was adopted to identify the prevalence of behavioral disorders among children under parental care and out of parental care.

Methods

A cross-sectional comparative descriptive study was conducted among 300 children of age 6-12 years from a pediatric outpatient department of a selected hospital and 300 children from selected orphanages in Kolkata to compare the prevalence of behavioral disorders in children under parental care and out of parental care using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results

Total difficulty was more prevalent in children out of parental care (220 children) than in children under parental care (128 children). Conduct problem was the most prevalent behavioral disorder among all the subscales of SDQ with 48.70% and 84.30% of children, respectively. This was followed by peer problem (44.60% and 48.30%), emotional problem (33.70% and 55.60%), and hyperactivity problem (26.70% and 32.30%), respectively. There was significant difference in total difficulty, all subscales, externalizing score, internalizing score, and impact score between the two groups. Regression analysis showed significant relationship of selected variables such as the child’s favorite hobbies and number of close friends the child has using total difficulty score in both the groups. Significant correlation was found among subscales in both the groups.

Conclusion

Family-based care and improvised institutional care should be emphasized to reduce the burden of behavioral problem in children.

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Most cited references 19

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Emotional and behavioural problems in Swedish preschool children rated by preschool teachers with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

Berit Gustafsson, Marie Proczkowska-Björklund, Per A. Gustafsson (2017)

Background There is a high risk that young children who show early signs of mental health problems develop symptoms in the same or overlapping areas some years later. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is widely used to screen externalizing and internalizing problems early in life. In Sweden 80–90% of all children aged 1–5 years go to preschool and preschool is thus an appropriate context for finding early signs of mental health problems among children. Methods This study is part of a longitudinal project too investigate the frequency of emotional and behavioural problems for children between 1 and 5 years of age in Sweden. The SDQ including the impairment supplement questions were rated by preschool teachers too establish Swedish norms for SDQ in preschool children. Results The sample involved 815 children with a mean age of 42 months (SD = 16, range 13–71 months). 195 children were followed longitudinally for three years. There were significant differences between boys and girls on all subscales except for the Emotional subscale. The prevalence of behavioural problems was similar to other that in European countries, except for Prosocial behaviour, which was rated lower, and Conduct problems, rated higher. Swedish children were estimated to have more problems in the preschool setting, scored by preschool teachers. The development of behaviour over time differed for the different subscales of SDQ. Conclusions The teacher version of the SDQ, for 2–4 year-olds, can be used as a screening instrument to identify early signs of emotional distress/behavioural problems in young children. Preschool teachers seem to be able to identify children with problematic behaviour with the use of SDQ at an early age. The development of behaviour over time differs for the different subscales of SDQ. The Swedish norms for SDQ are to a large extent, similar to findings from other European countries.

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A Descriptive Study on Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children Staying in Institutional Homes

Ravneet Kaur, Archana Vinnakota, Sanjibani Panigrahi … (2018)

Introduction: Orphans and the other vulnerable children and adolescents (OVCA) living in institutional homes are more prone to behavioral and emotional problems than others as they are deprived of a family's love and care. There is a dearth of studies focusing on the psychological health of these children in India. Hence, we have conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to explore the behavioral and emotional problems in these institutionalized children. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 292 orphans and OVCA in institutional homes of Visakhapatnam city. The sociodemographic data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) with impact supplement was used to assess the behavioral and emotional problems in them. Results: In our study, 49 (16.78%) out of 292 children and adolescents were found to be having behavioral and emotional problems. Factors such as age, sex, reason for being in the institute, age of admission, and years of stay in the home were all seen to be significantly associated (P < 0.05) with emotional and behavioral problems. Conduct problems (34.90%) were found to be most prevalent followed by peer problems (15.80%), emotional problems (14.70%), hyperactivity (8.60%), and low prosocial behavior (3.40%). Conclusion: The present study shows that the orphans and OVCA in institutional homes are vulnerable to behavioral and emotional problems. The screening for conduct problems, emotional problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems needs to be done at a regular basis for these children. Given the paucity of data in this regard, several multicenter studies also need to be done to get an overall comprehensive view of these problems.

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Strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ): a study of school children in Ribeirão Preto.

José Golfeto, Ricardo Cury (2003)

The objective of this study is to investigate possible child psychiatric disorders using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). SDQ is a questionnaire that screens child mental health problems, comprising a total of 25 items divided in five subscales: emotional problems, hyperactivity, relationship, conduct and pro-social behavior, with five items in each subscale. We also used the impact supplement that evaluates the impairment caused by symptoms. Out of 143 children randomly chosen from a public school of Ribeirão Preto, 107 questionnaires were correctly filled in by parents. Teachers received 114 questionnaires (regarding children with parents' consent), and 108 questionnaires were correctly filled in. As a final sample, we obtained 112 questionnaires answered by parents or teachers. In the questionnaires answered by the parents, we obtained high scorings such as 30.8% for emotional symptoms, 17,7% for conduct disorders, 16.8% for hyperactivity, 14% for interpersonal relationships, 18,7% for the total scores and 10.2% for the impact supplement. Questionnaires answered by the teachers had 1.83% for emotional symptoms, 8.25% for conduct disorders, 8.25% for hyperactivity, 2.75% for interpersonal relationships, 8.25% for the total scoring and 4.58% for the impact supplement. Combining the results obtained from parents and teachers we have diagnostic hypotheses in the frequencies of 7.14% for emotional disorders, 9.82% for conduct disorders, and 12.5% for psychiatric disorder not otherwise specified and no combination was noted between parents and teachers for hyperactivity. Mean age was 8.18 years, with 63% of the children being male and 37% female. SDQ can be useful for a preliminary screening in the investigation of possible psychiatric disorders in childhood.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Panchali Datta

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med

Title: International Journal of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine

Publisher: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre

ISSN (Electronic): 2352-6467

Publication date PMC-release: 10 December 2018

Publication date (Print): December 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 10 December 2018

Volume: 5

Issue: 4

Pages: 145-151

Affiliations

[a ]Peerless College of Nursing and PhD Scholar (WBUHS), Peerless Hospitex Hospital and Research Centre Ltd, 360, Panchasayar, Kolkata, 700094, India

[b ]Dept of Pediatrics, KPC Medical College and Hospital, 1, F Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India

[c ]Chittaranjan Seva Sadan, 37, S P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India

Author notes

[∗ ]Corresponding author. Flat-3C, Block-C, Skyline Residency, 476, West Mahamayapur Road, Kolkata, 700084, WestBengal, India. panchalidatta@ 123456yahoo.com

Article

Publisher ID: S2352-6467(18)30151-0

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2018.12.001

PMC ID: 6363262

PubMed ID: 30805551

SO-VID: 3765fc69-dffa-4689-b244-4940fad1f3bb

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

The prevalence of behavioral disorders among children under parental care and out of parental care: A comparative study in India

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Most cited references 19

Emotional and behavioural problems in Swedish preschool children rated by preschool teachers with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

A Descriptive Study on Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children Staying in Institutional Homes

Strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ): a study of school children in Ribeirão Preto.

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