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      Drug Design, Development and Therapy (submit here)

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      Lymphoma-targeted treatment using a folic acid-decorated vincristine-loaded drug delivery system

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          B-cell lymphoma is the most frequently diagnosed lymphoid tumor. Folic acid (FA)-decorated systems were found to be preferentially internalized on the B-cell lymphoma cell line which is reported to express the folate receptor. This study was designed to develop an FA-decorated vincristine (VCR)-loaded system for targeted lymphoma treatment.

          Methods

          FA-decorated lipid was synthesized. VCR-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) were fabricated. In vitro cell lines and an in vivo lymphoma animal model was used to evaluate the anti B-cell lymphoma effect.

          Results

          FA-decorated, VCR-loaded LPNs (FA-VCR/LPNs) have shown a targeted effect in delivery to B-cell lymphoma cells. FA-VCR/LPNs also showed the highest anti-tumor effect in murine-bearing lymphoma xenografts.

          Conclusion

          FA-VCR/LPNs can achieve targeted delivery of VCR, bring about an outstanding therapeutic effect to treat lymphoma, and also reduce the systemic toxicity. FA-VCR/LPNs could be an excellent system for lymphoma therapy.

          Most cited references28

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          Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

          Lymphomas are solid tumours of the immune system. Hodgkin's lymphoma accounts for about 10% of all lymphomas, and the remaining 90% are referred to as non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas have a wide range of histological appearances and clinical features at presentation, which can make diagnosis difficult. Lymphomas are not rare, and most physicians, irrespective of their specialty, will probably have come across a patient with lymphoma. Timely diagnosis is important because effective, and often curative, therapies are available for many subtypes. In this Seminar we discuss advances in the understanding of the biology of these malignancies and new, available treatments. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Prolonged circulation time and enhanced accumulation in malignant exudates of doxorubicin encapsulated in polyethylene-glycol coated liposomes.

            In preclinical studies, a doxorubicin liposome formulation containing polyethylene-glycol (Doxil) shows a long circulation time in plasma, enhanced accumulation in murine tumors, and a superior therapeutic activity over free (unencapsulated) doxorubicin (DOX). The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of Doxil in cancer patients in comparison with free DOX and examine its accumulation in malignant effusions. The pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin and/or liposome-associated doxorubicin were analyzed in seven patients after injections of equivalent doses of free DOX and Doxil and in an additional group of nine patients after injection of Doxil only. Two dose levels were examined, 25 and 50 mg/m2. When possible, drug levels were also measured in malignant effusions. The plasma elimination of Doxil followed a biexponential curve with half-lives of 2 and 45 h (median values), most of the dose being cleared from plasma under the longer half-life. Nearly 100% of the drug detected in plasma after Doxil injection was in liposome-encapsulated form. A slow plasma clearance (0.1 liter/h for Doxil versus 45 liters/h for free DOX) and a small volume of distribution (4 liters for Doxil versus 254 liters for free DOX) are characteristic of Doxil. Doxorubicin metabolites were detected in the urine of Doxil-treated patients with a pattern similar to that reported for free DOX, although the overall urinary excretion of drug and metabolites was significantly reduced. Doxil treatment resulted in a 4- to 16-fold enhancement of drug levels in malignant effusions, peaking between 3 to 7 days after injection. Stomatitis related to Doxil occurred in 5 of 15 evaluable patients and appears to be the most significant side effect in heavily pretreated patients. The results of this study are consistent with preclinical findings indicating that the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin are drastically altered using Doxil and follow a pattern dictated by the liposome carrier. The enhanced drug accumulation in malignant effusions is apparently related to liposome longevity in circulation. Further clinical investigation is needed to establish the relevance of these findings with regard to the ability of liposomes to modify the delivery of doxorubicin to solid tumors and its pattern of antitumor activity.
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              PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles for the improved delivery of doxorubicin.

              We hypothesize that the efficacy of doxorubicin (DOX) can be maximized and dose-limiting cardiotoxicity minimized by controlled release from PEGylated nanoparticles. To test this hypothesis, a unique surface modification technique was used to create PEGylated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles encapsulating DOX. An avidin-biotin coupling system was used to control poly(ethylene glycol) conjugation to the surface of PLGA nanoparticles, of diameter approximately 130 nm, loaded with DOX to 5% (wt/wt). Encapsulation in nanoparticles did not compromise the efficacy of DOX; drug-loaded nanoparticles were found to be at least as potent as free DOX against A20 murine B-cell lymphoma cells in culture and of comparable efficacy against subcutaneously implanted tumors. Cardiotoxicity in mice as measured by echocardiography, serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and histopathology was reduced for DOX-loaded nanoparticles as compared with free DOX. Administration of 18 mg/kg of free DOX induced a sevenfold increase in CPK levels and significant decreases in left ventricular fractional shortening over control animals, whereas nanoparticle-encapsulated DOX produced none of these pathological changes. The efficacy of doxorubicin (DOX) may be maximized and dose-limiting cardiotoxicity minimized by controlled release from PEGylated nanoparticles. Administration of 18 mg/kg of free DOX induced a sevenfold increase in CPK levels and significant decreases in left ventricular fractional shortening in mice, whereas nanoparticle-encapsulated DOX produced none of these pathological changes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Drug Des Devel Ther
                Drug Des Devel Ther
                Drug Design, Development and Therapy
                Drug Design, Development and Therapy
                Dove Medical Press
                1177-8881
                2018
                17 April 2018
                : 12
                : 863-872
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
                [2 ]Department of Oncology, 105 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, Heifei, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
                [3 ]Department of Oncology, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Laiwu City, Laiwu, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Lei Qiu, Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, No 440 Jiyan Road, Huaiyin District, Ji’nan, 250117, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0531 87984777, Email qiulschi@ 123456163.com
                Article
                dddt-12-863
                10.2147/DDDT.S152420
                5909786
                29713144
                3781ab78-0fda-4d92-9d22-bd4104d71281
                © 2018 Qiu et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

                The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

                History
                Categories
                Original Research

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                lymphoma,drug delivery system,lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles,folic acid,vincristine

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