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      Condensin II initiates sister chromatid resolution during S phase

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      The Journal of Cell Biology
      The Rockefeller University Press

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          Abstract

          Condensin II initiates structural reorganization of duplicated chromosomes during S phase to prepare for their proper condensation and segregation in mitosis.

          Abstract

          Condensins I and II are multisubunit complexes that play essential yet distinct functions in chromosome condensation and segregation in mitosis. Unlike condensin I, condensin II localizes to the nucleus during interphase, but it remains poorly understood what functions condensin II might have before mitotic entry. Here, we report that condensin II changes its chromatin-binding property during S phase. Remarkably, advanced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assays enabled us to visualize condensin II forming “sister axes” in replicated regions of chromosomes in S phase cells. Depletion of condensin II compromised PCC-driven sister chromatid resolution during S phase. Moreover, fluorescence in situ hybridization assays revealed that condensin II, but not condensin I, promotes disjoining duplicated chromosomal loci during S phase. Application of mild replicative stress partially impaired this process and further exacerbated phenotypes arising from condensin II depletion. Our results suggest that condensin II initiates structural reorganization of duplicated chromosomes during S phase to prepare for their proper condensation and segregation in mitosis.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Cell Biol
          J. Cell Biol
          jcb
          The Journal of Cell Biology
          The Rockefeller University Press
          0021-9525
          1540-8140
          18 February 2013
          : 200
          : 4
          : 429-441
          Affiliations
          Chromosome Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
          Author notes
          Correspondence to T. Hirano: hiranot@ 123456riken.jp

          D. Yamashita’s present address is Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ako, Hyogo 678-0207, Japan.

          Article
          201208008
          10.1083/jcb.201208008
          3575537
          23401001
          37964311-87bb-4030-8ceb-5081c1c932cc
          © 2013 Ono et al.

          This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

          History
          : 4 August 2012
          : 16 January 2013
          Categories
          Research Articles
          Article

          Cell biology
          Cell biology

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