Diverse Long RNAs Are Differentially Sorted into Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Colorectal Cancer Cells

Abstract

<p id="P3">The regulation and functional roles of secreted coding and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs; &gt;200 nt) are largely unknown. We previously showed that mutant <b> <i>KRAS</i> </b> colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing distinct proteomes, microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs. Here, we comprehensively identify diverse classes of CRC extracellular long RNAs secreted in EVs and demonstrate differential export of specific RNAs. Distinct noncoding RNAs, including antisense transcripts and transcripts derived from pseudogenes, are enriched in EVs compared to cellular profiles. We detected strong enrichment of <b> <i>Rab13</i> </b> in mutant <b> <i>KRAS</i> </b> EVs and demonstrate functional delivery of <b> <i>Rab13</i> </b> mRNA to recipient cells. To assay functional transfer of lncRNAs, we implemented a CRISPR/ Cas9-based RNA-tracking system to monitor delivery to recipient cells. We show that gRNAs containing export signals from secreted RNAs can be transferred from donor to recipient cells. Our data support the existence of cellular mechanisms to selectively export diverse classes of RNA. </p><p id="P4">Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain protein and RNA cargo that can be transferred between cells. Hinger et al. identify distinct subsets of cellular coding and long noncoding RNAs that are enriched in EVs that can be functionally transferred between cells, supporting a regulated form of cell-cell communication. </p><p id="P5"> <div class="figure-container so-text-align-c"> <img alt="" class="figure" src="/document_file/8f828155-f8f4-4130-97c8-1242d0d9bd91/PubMedCentral/image/nihms-1510875-f0001.jpg"/> </div> </p>