45
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      "Peer-Assisted Learning"(PAL) in the Skills-Lab – an inventory at the medical faculties of the Federal Republic of Germany Translated title: "Peer-Assisted Learning" (PAL) im Skills-Lab – eine Bestandsaufnahme an den Medizinischen Fakultäten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background: Over multiple years, the didactic concept of „peer-assisted learning“ (PAL) has proved to be valuable for medical education. Particularly in the field of the nowadays widely established Skills-Labs, the assignment of student tutors is both popular and effective. The aim of the underlying study is to assess the current status of PAL programs within German medical faculties’ Skills-Labs regarding their distribution, extent, structure and content based on a nation-wide survey.

          Methods: All 36 medical faculties in Germany were contacted and asked for their participation (via telephone or in written form) in the survey encompassing 16 central questions as to the structure of established PAL programs. Data obtained were subject to quantitative and qualitative analysis.

          Results: 35 of 36 (97.2%) medical faculties participated in the survey. A PAL program was shown to be established at 33 (91.7%) faculties. However, the results show distinct differences between different faculties with respect to extent and content of the PAL programs.

          Conclusions: Among German medical Skills-Labs, PAL has been established almost ubiquitously. Further studies on the conception and standardization of training concepts appear to be pivotal for the advancement of PAL in the context of Skills-Labs.

          Zusammenfassung

          Hintergrund: Das didaktische Konzept des „Peer-assisted learning“ (PAL) hat sich seit vielen Jahren in der medizinischen Ausbildung als wertvoll erwiesen. Insbesondere im Bereich der inzwischen weit verbreiteten Skills-Labs ist der Einsatz studentischer Tutoren gleichermaßen beliebt wie effektiv. Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist, auf Basis einer bundesweiten Befragung den aktuellen Stand über Verbreitung, Umfang und inhaltliche wie strukturelle Ausgestaltung der PAL-Programme in den Skills-Labs der deutschen Medizinischen Fakultäten zu erfassen.

          Methoden: Sämtliche 36 bundesdeutsche Medizinische Fakultäten wurden kontaktiert und um Teilnahme an der 16 Leitfragen umfassenden Befragung zur Struktur von bestehenden PAL-Programmen im Skills-Lab-Bereich auf telefonischem oder schriftlichem Wege gebeten. Die erhaltenen Daten wurden quantitativ und qualitativ ausgewertet.

          Ergebnisse: 35 von 36 (97,2%) medizinischen Fakultäten nahmen an der Befragung teil. Ein PAL-Programm existiert an 33 (91,7%) Standorten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass hinsichtlich Umfang und Inhalten jedoch große Unterschiede zwischen den Fakultäten bestehen.

          Schlussfolgerungen: PAL ist an bundesdeutschen medizinischen Skills-Labs nahezu flächendeckend umgesetzt. Weitere Untersuchungen zur Konzeption und Standardisierung von Schulungskonzepten scheinen zentral für die Weiterentwicklung von PAL im Skills-Lab.

          Related collections

          Most cited references31

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Assessment of clinical competence.

          Tests of clinical competence, which allow decisions to be made about medical qualification and fitness to practise, must be designed with respect to key issues including blueprinting, validity, reliability, and standard setting, as well as clarity about their formative or summative function. Multiple choice questions, essays, and oral examinations could be used to test factual recall and applied knowledge, but more sophisticated methods are needed to assess clincial performance, including directly observed long and short cases, objective structured clinical examinations, and the use of standardised patients. The goal of assessment in medical education remains the development of reliable measurements of student performance which, as well as having predictive value for subsequent clinical competence, also have a formative, educational role.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Understanding the experience of being taught by peers: the value of social and cognitive congruence.

            Medical schools use supplemental peer-teaching programs even though there is little research on students' actual experiences with this form of instruction. To understand the student experience of being taught by peers instead of by faculty. We conducted focus groups with first- and second-year medical students participating in a supplemental peer-teaching program at one institution. From the learner focus group themes, we developed a questionnaire and surveyed all first-year students. Focus groups revealed four learner themes: learning from near-peers, exposure to second-year students, need for review and synthesis, teaching modalities and for the peer-teachers, the theme of benefits for the teacher. Factor analysis of the survey responses resulted in three factors: second-year students as teachers, the benefit of peer-teachers instead of faculty, and the peer-teaching process. Scores on these factors correlated with attendance in the peer-teaching program (P < .05). Students valued learning from near-peers because of their recent experience with the materials and their ability to understand the students' struggles in medical school. Students with the highest participation in the program valued the unique aspects of this kind of teaching most. Areas for improvement for this program were identified.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              The effectiveness of peer tutoring in further and higher education: A typology and review of the literature

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                GMS Z Med Ausbild
                GMS Z Med Ausbild
                GMS Z Med Ausbild
                GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung
                German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
                1860-7446
                1860-3572
                11 February 2015
                2015
                : 32
                : 1
                : Doc10
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University of Heidelberg, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
                [2 ]University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg, Germany
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed: C. Nikendei, University of Heidelberg, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Thibautstraße 2, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)6221/56-38663, Fax: +49 (0)6221/56-5330, E-mail: christoph.nikendei@ 123456med.uni-heidelberg.de
                Article
                zma000952 Doc10 urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0009528
                10.3205/zma000952
                4330629
                25699102
                37f733b8-bfb9-464e-9d60-95202a793519
                Copyright © 2015 Blohm et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

                History
                : 13 May 2014
                : 01 December 2014
                : 14 August 2014
                Categories
                Article

                Medicine
                peer-assisted learning,tutors,skills-lab,simulation,medical education,practical clinical skills

                Comments

                Comment on this article