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      Solar absorber material and system designs for photothermal water vaporization towards clean water and energy production

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          Abstract

          This comprehensive review provides a guide to design photothermal materials and systems for solar-driven water evaporation addressing the water–energy nexus.

          Abstract

          Photothermal materials with broad solar absorption and high conversion efficiency have recently attracted significant interest. They are becoming a fast-growing research focus in the area of solar-driven vaporization for clean water production. The parallel development of thermal management strategies through both material and system designs has further improved the overall efficiency of solar vaporization. Collectively, this green solar-driven water vaporization technology has regained attention as a sustainable solution for water scarcity. In this review, we will report the recent progress in solar absorber material design based on various photothermal conversion mechanisms, evaluate the prerequisites in terms of optical, thermal and wetting properties for efficient solar-driven water vaporization, classify the systems based on different photothermal evaporation configurations and discuss other correlated applications in the areas of desalination, water purification and energy generation. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review on the current development in efficient photothermal evaporation, and suggest directions to further enhance its overall efficiency through the judicious choice of materials and system designs, while synchronously capitalizing waste energy to realize concurrent clean water and energy production.

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          Most cited references127

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          3D self-assembly of aluminium nanoparticles for plasmon-enhanced solar desalination

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            MXene Ti3C2: An Effective 2D Light-to-Heat Conversion Material

            MXene, a new series of 2D material, has been steadily advancing its applications to a variety of fields, such as catalysis, supercapacitor, molecular separation, electromagnetic wave interference shielding. This work reports a carefully designed aqueous droplet light heating system along with a thorough mathematical procedure, which combined leads to a precise determination of internal light-to-heat conversion efficiency of a variety of nanomaterials. The internal light-to-heat conversion efficiency of MXene, more specifically Ti3C2, was measured to be 100%, indicating a perfect energy conversion. Furthermore, a self-floating MXene thin membrane was prepared by simple vacuum filtration and the membrane, in the presence of a rationally chosen heat barrier, produced a light-to-water-evaporation efficiency of 84% under one sun irradiation, which is among the state of art energy efficiency for similar photothermal evaporation system. The outstanding internal light-to-heat conversion efficiency and great light-to-water evaporation efficiency reported in this work suggest that MXene is a very promising light-to-heat conversion material and thus deserves more research attention toward practical applications.
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              Is Open Access

              Self-assembly of highly efficient, broadband plasmonic absorbers for solar steam generation

              A self-assembling plasmonic absorber absorbs light efficiently across a wide range of wavelengths and could be used in nanophotonic devices.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                EESNBY
                Energy & Environmental Science
                Energy Environ. Sci.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1754-5692
                1754-5706
                March 13 2019
                2019
                : 12
                : 3
                : 841-864
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore
                [2 ]Singapore
                [3 ]Engineering Science Programme, National University of Singapore
                [4 ]Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
                Article
                10.1039/C8EE01146J
                3822fc09-7e5c-4ab7-8a66-0ce38d8dfb6e
                © 2019

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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