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      Exceso de mortalidad en las pacientes con cáncer de mama en estadios precoces en Tarragona y Gerona (España) Translated title: Excess mortality among breast cancer patients in early stages in Tarragona and Gerona (Spain)

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo Analizar la supervivencia poblacional del cáncer de mama (CM) en estadios precoces, estimando la tendencia temporal del exceso de mortalidad (EM) a largo plazo en periodos anuales y quinquenales, y determinando, si es posible, una proporción de pacientes que puedan considerarse curadas. Método Se incluyó la cohorte de pacientes diagnosticadas de CM en estadios I y II antes de los 60 años de edad en Gerona y Tarragona (N = 2453). Se calcularon la supervivencia observada (SO) y la supervivencia relativa (SR) al CM hasta los 20 años de seguimiento. Para valorar el EM se estimó la SR a intervalos anuales (SRI) y quinquenales (SR5). Los resultados se presentan por grupos de edad (≤49 y 50-59), estadio (I/II) y periodo de diagnóstico (1985-1994 y 1995-2004). Resultados En el estadio I, la SO y la SR fueron mayores en 1995-2004 que en 1985-1994: 3,5% a los 15 años de seguimiento y 4,5% a los 20 años. La SO superó el 80% en el estadio I y se mantuvo inferior al 70% en el estadio II. Sin embargo, el EM a largo plazo no desapareció (SRI <1) independientemente del grupo de edad, el estadio y el periodo de diagnóstico. A los 15 años de seguimiento, el EM a 5 años osciló entre el 1-5% en el estadio I (SR5 ≥0,95) y el 5-10% en el estadio II. Conclusiones En nuestra cohorte, a los 15 años de seguimiento se detectó que el EM anual no desapareció y el quinquenal fue del 1-10%. Por ello, no se pudo determinar una proporción de curación del CM durante el periodo de estudio.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective To analyze the population-based survival of breast cancer (CM) diagnosed in early stages estimating the time trends of excess mortality (EM) in the long term in annual and five-year time intervals, and to determine, if possible, a proportion of patients who can be considered cured. Method We included women diagnosed with BC under the age of 60 years in stages I and II in Girona and Tarragona (N = 2453). The observed (OS) and relative survival (RS) were calculated up to 20 years of follow-up. RS was also estimated at annual (RSI) and in five-year intervals (RS5) to graphically assess the EM. The results are presented by age groups (≤49 and 50-59), stage (I/II) and diagnostic period (1985-1994 and 1995-2004). Results In stage I, OS and RS were higher during 1995-2004 compared to 1985-1994: 3.5% at 15 years of follow-up and 4.5% at 20-years of follow-up. In 1995-2004, the OS surpassed 80% in stage I patients whereas in stage II it remained below 70%. During 1995-2004, the long-term EM did not level off towards 0 (RSI <1) independently of age group, stage and period of diagnosis. After 15 years of follow-up, the 5-year EM oscillated between 1 and 5% in stage I (RS5 ≥0.95) and between 5 and 10% in stage II. Conclusions In our cohort, after 15 years of follow-up, it was detected that the annual EM did not disappear and the five-year EM remained between 1 and 10%. Therefore, it was not possible to determine a cure rate of BC during the study period.

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          Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000–14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries

          In 2015, the second cycle of the CONCORD programme established global surveillance of cancer survival as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems and to inform global policy on cancer control. CONCORD-3 updates the worldwide surveillance of cancer survival to 2014.
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            20-Year Risks of Breast-Cancer Recurrence after Stopping Endocrine Therapy at 5 Years.

            The administration of endocrine therapy for 5 years substantially reduces recurrence rates during and after treatment in women with early-stage, estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Extending such therapy beyond 5 years offers further protection but has additional side effects. Obtaining data on the absolute risk of subsequent distant recurrence if therapy stops at 5 years could help determine whether to extend treatment.
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              Clinical implications of the intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

              Gene-expression profiling has had a considerable impact on our understanding of breast cancer biology. During the last 15 years, 5 intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, Basal-like and Claudin-low) have been identified and intensively studied. In this review, we will focus on the current and future clinical implications of the intrinsic molecular subtypes beyond the current pathological-based classification endorsed by the 2013 St. Gallen Consensus Recommendations. Within hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative early breast cancer, the Luminal A and B subtypes predict 10-year outcome regardless of systemic treatment administered as well as residual risk of distant recurrence after 5 years of endocrine therapy. Within clinically HER2-positive disease, the 4 main intrinsic subtypes can be identified and dominate the biological and clinical phenotype. From a clinical perspective, patients with HER2+/HER2-enriched disease seem to benefit the most from neoadjuvant trastuzumab, or dual HER2 blockade with trastuzumab/lapatinib, in combination with chemotherapy, and patients with HER2+/Luminal A disease seem to have a relative better outcome compared to the other subtypes. Finally, within triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the Basal-like disease predominates (70-80%) and, from a biological perspective, should be considered a cancer-type by itself. Importantly, the distinction between Basal-like versus non-Basal-like within TNBC might predict survival following (neo)adjvuvant multi-agent chemotherapy, bevacizumab benefit in the neoadjuvant setting (CALGB40603), and docetaxel vs. carboplatin benefit in first-line metastatic disease (TNT study). Overall, this data suggests that intrinsic molecular profiling provides clinically relevant information beyond current pathology-based classifications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Ediciones Doyma, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                August 2020
                : 34
                : 4
                : 356-362
                Affiliations
                [4] Salt (Gerona) orgnameInstitut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI) orgdiv1Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià España
                [7] Barcelona orgnameUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya orgdiv1Departament d'Estadística España
                [1] Barcelona orgnameL'Hospitalet de Llobregat orgdiv1Pla Director d'Oncologia, IDIBELL España
                [11] Gerona orgnameHospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta orgdiv1Institut Català d'Oncologia orgdiv2Departament d'Oncologia Mèdica España
                [8] Alicante orgnameUniversity of Alicante orgdiv1Public Health Research Group España
                [10] Madrid orgnameInstituto de Salud Carlos III orgdiv1Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) España
                [9] Gerona orgnameInstitut Català d'Oncologia orgdiv1Registre de Càncer de Girona Unitat d'Epidemiologia, Pla Director d'Oncologia orgdiv2Grup d'Epidemiologia Descriptiva, Genètica i Prevenció del Càncer de Girona-IDIBGI España
                [3] Reus (Tarragona) orgnameFundació per a la Investigació i Prevenció del Càncer (FUNCA), IISPV orgdiv1Registre de Càncer de Tarragona España
                [5] Barcelona Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de Barcelona orgdiv1Facultat de Biologia orgdiv2Secció d'Estadística del Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística Spain
                [2] Barcelona Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de Barcelona orgdiv1Facultat de Medicina (Campus de Ciències de la Salut, Bellvitge) orgdiv2Department de Ciències Clíniques Spain
                [6] Barcelona orgnameMC MUTUAL orgdiv1Departamento de Investigación y Análisis de Prestaciones España
                Article
                S0213-91112020000400008 S0213-9111(20)03400400008
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.09.008
                383c4255-2100-4baa-a91b-4cde5e02bd1b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 June 2018
                : 20 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Excess mortality,Survival,Supervivencia condicional,Supervivencia,Exceso de mortalidad,Conditional survival,Curación,"Cure" fraction,Cáncer de mama,Breast cancer

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