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Impact of e-liquid flavors on nicotine intake and pharmacology of e-cigarettes
September 2017
September 2017
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Abstract
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d6700756e164">Objectives</h5>
<p id="P1">To describe the effect of e-liquid flavors on nicotine intake and pharmacology
of
e-cigarettes.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d6700756e169">Methods</h5>
<p id="P2">11 males and 3 females participated in a 3-day inpatient crossover study
with strawberry,
tobacco, and their usual flavor e-liquid. Nicotine levels were nominally 18 mg/ml
in the strawberry (pH 8.29) and tobacco (pH 9.10) e-liquids and ranged between 3–18
mg/ml in the usual brands (mean pH 6.80). Each day consisted of a 15-puff session
followed by 4 hours of abstinence, then 90 minutes of
<i>ad libitum</i> use. Subjects used a KangerTech mini ProTank 3.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d6700756e177">Results</h5>
<p id="P3">After 15 puffs, the amount of nicotine inhaled and systemically retained
were not
significantly different between the strawberry and tobacco e-liquids but plasma AUC
<sub>(0→180)</sub> was significantly higher with the strawberry e-liquid. While not
significantly different,
C
<sub>max</sub> was 22% higher and various early time point AUCs to measure rate of
rise of nicotine
in blood ranged between 17–23% higher with the strawberry e-liquid compared to the
tobacco e-liquid. During
<i>ad libitum</i> use, systemic exposure to nicotine (AUC
<sub>(0→90)</sub>) was the same for the tobacco and usual brand e-liquids but were
both significantly
lower than after using the strawberry e-liquid. The usual flavors were more liked
and satisfying than the strawberry and tobacco e-liquids.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d6700756e194">Conclusion</h5>
<p id="P4">Flavors influence nicotine exposure through flavor liking, may affect rate
of nicotine
absorption possibly through pH effects, and contribute to heart rate acceleration
and subjective effects of e-cigarettes. E-cigarette users titrate their nicotine exposure
but the extent of titration may vary across flavors.
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