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      Avaliação biométrica do colo uterino durante a gestação por meio da ultra-sonografia transvaginal e ressonância magnética Translated title: Biometric analysis of uterine cervix during pregnancy using transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Avaliar o comprimento do colo uterino por meio da ressonância magnética e comparar aos achados da ultra-sonografia transvaginal. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram realizados exames ultra-sonográficos e de ressonância magnética do colo uterino em 20 pacientes com idade gestacional entre 19 e 30 semanas. As medidas do colo obtidas pelo exame de ressonância magnética foram aferidas por dois especialistas em diagnóstico por imagem, para calcular a variabilidade interobservador do método. RESULTADOS: O cálculo do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre as medidas do comprimento cervical indicou correlação significante entre os métodos (r=0,628; p<0,01). A aplicação do teste t pareado não evidenciou diferença significativa entre as medidas aferidas pela ultra-sonografia transvaginal e ressonância magnética (p=0,068). A análise da variabilidade interobservador das medidas do colo obtidas pela ressonância magnética demonstrou alta confiabilidade do método (a=0,96). CONCLUSÃO: A comparação entre os dois métodos de imagem na avaliação da biometria cervical não apresentou diferença estatística, o que reforça a aplicação do exame ultra-sonográfico. Entretanto, em situações nas quais a ultra-sonografia transvaginal apresenta contra-indicações, o exame de ressonância magnética poderá apresentar-se como segunda opção para a avaliação do comprimento cervical.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the uterine cervix length with magnetic resonance imaging in comparison with findings at transvaginal ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty pregnant women between the 19th and 30th gestational weeks underwent magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasonography for evaluation of their uterine cervix. Measurements by means of magnetic resonance imaging were performed by two specialists in imaging diagnosis for calculating the interobserver variability of the method. RESULTS: Calculation of the Pearson's correlation coefficient between measurements of the cervical length demonstrated a significant correlation between the results of both methods (r=0.628; p<0.01). The paired t test demonstrated no statistically significant difference between measurements obtained by transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (p=0.068). Interobserver agreement in cervical measurements by magnetic resonance imaging was high (a=0.96), demonstrating the reliability of the method. CONCLUSION: The comparison between both imaging methods in the evaluation of cervical biometry showed no statistically significant difference thus reinforcing the utilization of ultrasonography. However, in some cases where transvaginal ultrasonography is contraindicated, magnetic resonance imaging can be alternatively utilized for measurement of the cervical length.

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          Most cited references27

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          The length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous premature delivery. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit Network.

          The role of the cervix in the pathogenesis of premature delivery is controversial. In a prospective, multicenter study of pregnant women, we used vaginal ultrasonography to measure the length of the cervix; we also documented the incidence of spontaneous delivery before 35 weeks' gestation. At 10 university-affiliated prenatal clinics, we performed vaginal ultrasonography at approximately 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in women with singleton pregnancies. We then assessed the relation between the length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. We examined 2915 women at approximately 24 weeks of gestation and 2531 of these women again at approximately 28 weeks. Spontaneous preterm delivery (at less than 35 weeks) occurred in 126 of the women (4.3 percent) examined at 24 weeks. The length of the cervix was normally distributed at 24 and 28 weeks (mean [+/- SD], 35.2 +/- 8.3 mm and 33.7 +/- 8.5 mm, respectively). The relative risk of preterm delivery increased as the length of the cervix decreased. When women with shorter cervixes at 24 weeks were compared with women with values above the 75th percentile, the relative risks of preterm delivery among the women with shorter cervixes were as follows: 1.98 for cervical lengths at or below the 75th percentile (40 mm), 2.35 for lengths at or below the 50th percentile (35 mm), 3.79 for lengths at or below the 25th percentile (30 mm), 6.19 for lengths at or below the 10th percentile (26 mm), 9.49 for lengths at or below the 5th percentile (22 mm), and 13.99 for lengths at or below the 1st percentile (13 mm) (P < 0.001 for values at or below the 50th percentile; P = 0.008 for values at or below the 75th percentile). For the lengths measured at 28 weeks, the corresponding relative risks were 2.80, 3.52, 5.39, 9.57, 13.88, and 24.94 (P < 0.001 for values at or below the 50th percentile; P = 0.003 for values at the 75th percentile). The risk of spontaneous preterm delivery is increased in women who are found to have a short cervix by vaginal ultrasonography during pregnancy.
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            Cervical length at 23 weeks of gestation: prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery.

            To examine the potential value of routine measurement of cervical length in singleton pregnancies at 23 weeks of gestation in the prediction of the risk for early spontaneous preterm delivery. Cervical length was measured by sonography at 23 weeks in 2567 singleton pregnancies in women attending for routine antenatal care. In 43 women, the length was < or = 15 mm and 21 of these were managed expectantly, whereas in 22 cases a cervical cerclage was placed. In the pregnancies that were managed expectantly, the relation between cervical length and preterm delivery was examined and the risk of spontaneous delivery at < or = 32 weeks was estimated. Cervical length at 23 weeks was < or = 15 mm in 1.7% of cases; this group contained 86%, 58% and 20% of pregnancies that delivered spontaneously at < or = 28, < or = 32 and < or = 36 weeks, respectively. The risk for delivery at < or = 32 weeks decreased from 78% at a cervical length of 5 mm to 4% at 15 mm and 0.5% at 50 mm. Cervical length at 23 weeks is < or = 15 mm in < 2% of the population; this group contains about 90% and 60% of the women delivering at < or = 28 and < or = 32 weeks, respectively. Measurement of cervical length provides accurate prediction of risk for early preterm delivery.
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              Cervical length and funneling at 23 weeks of gestation in the prediction of spontaneous early preterm delivery.

              To establish the relationship of cervical length at 23 weeks of gestation to the risk of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks and to determine the possible additional risk if funneling is present. During a 36-month period, 6819 women with singleton pregnancies underwent transvaginal sonographic cervical assessment at 22-24 weeks as a screening test for preterm delivery. The distribution of cervical length and the prevalence of funneling, defined as dilatation of the internal os of > or = 5 mm in width, were established. Women who underwent cervical cerclage, iatrogenic preterm delivery or were lost to follow-up were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 6334 pregnancies, logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of cervical length and funneling to the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery before 33 weeks. The median cervical length was 36 mm and in 1.6% of cases the length was 30 mm. The rate of preterm delivery was 6.9% in those with funneling compared to 0.7% in those without funneling (chi2 = 86.7; P < 0.0001). However, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that funneling did not provide a significant additional contribution to cervical length in the prediction of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks (odds ratio for short cervix = 24.9, Z = 4.43, P < 0.0001; odds ratio for funneling = 1.8, Z = 0.84, P = 0.40). In the prediction of preterm delivery, funneling does not provide any significant contribution in addition to cervical length.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rb
                Radiologia Brasileira
                Radiol Bras
                Publicação do Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1678-7099
                August 2008
                : 41
                : 4
                : 235-239
                Affiliations
                [04] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola Paulista de Medicina orgdiv2Programa de Pós-Graduação Brasil
                [02] São Paulo SP orgnameCentro de Treinamento de Ultra-Sonografia Brasil
                [01] Vitória ES orgnameCentro de Diagnóstico por Imagem Brasil
                [03] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola Paulista de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Obstetrícia Brasil
                Article
                S0100-39842008000400007 S0100-3984(08)04100407
                388cca04-f008-4736-9d11-b7ea643edab2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 July 2007
                : 10 September 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Magnetic resonance imaging,Colo uterino,Gravidez,Imagem por ressonância magnética,Uterine cervix,Pregnancy

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