Development and Field Evaluation of the INTER-ACT App, a Pregnancy and Interpregnancy Coaching App to Reduce Maternal Overweight and Obesity: Mixed Methods Design

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Abstract

Background

The interpregnancy and pregnancy periods are important windows of opportunity to prevent excessive gestational weight retention. Despite an overwhelming number of existing health apps, validated apps to support a healthy lifestyle between and during pregnancies are lacking.

Objective

To describe the development and evaluation of the INTER-ACT app, which is part of an interpregnancy and pregnancy lifestyle coaching module, to prevent excessive weight gain in pregnancy and enhance optimal weight and a healthy lifestyle in the interpregnancy period.

Methods

A mixed methods design was used to identify the needs of health care providers and end users, according to 15 semistructured interviews, two focus groups, and two surveys. The user interface was evaluated in a pilot study (N=9).

Results

Health care providers indicated that a mobile app can enhance a healthy lifestyle in pregnant and postpartum women. Pregnant women preferred graphic displays in the app, weekly notifications, and support messages according to their own goals. Both mothers and health care providers reported increased awareness and valued the combination of the app with face-to-face coaching.

Conclusions

The INTER-ACT app was valued by its end users because it was offered in combination with face-to-face contact with a caregiver.

Related collections

Most cited references 25

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Interpregnancy weight change and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based study.

Eduardo Villamor, Sven Cnattingius (2006)

Maternal obesity has been positively associated with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but evidence of a causal relation is scarce. Causality would be lent support if temporal changes in weight affected risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We examined the associations between change in prepregnancy body-mass index (BMI) from the first to the second pregnancies, and the risk of adverse outcomes during the second pregnancy in a nationwide Swedish study of 151 025 women who had their first two consecutive singleton births between 1992 and 2001. Compared with women whose BMI changed between -1.0 and 0.9 units, the adjusted odds ratios for adverse pregnancy outcomes for those who gained 3 or more units during an average 2 years were: pre-eclampsia, 1.78 (95% CI 1.52-2.08); gestational hypertension 1.76 (1.39-2.23); gestational diabetes 2.09 (1.68-2.61); caesarean delivery 1.32 (1.22-1.44); stillbirth 1.63 (1.20-2.21); and large-for-gestational-age birth 1.87 (1.72-2.04). The associations were linearly related to the amount of weight change and were also noted in women who had a healthy prepregnancy BMI for both pregnancies. These findings lend support to a causal relation between being overweight or obese and risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Additionally they suggest that modest increases in BMI before pregnancy could result in perinatal complications, even if a woman does not become overweight. Our results provide robust epidemiological evidence for advocating weight loss in overweight and obese women who are planning to become pregnant and, to prevent weight gain before pregnancy in women with healthy BMIs.

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Matthew Gillman, Caleb Stein, Karen Emmons … (2010)

Evidence is lacking regarding effective and sustainable weight loss approaches for use in the primary care setting. We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled trial to evaluate the short-term efficacy of a web-based weight loss intervention among 101 primary care patients with obesity and hypertension. Patients had access to a comprehensive website that used a moderate-intensity weight loss approach designed specifically for web-based implementation. Patients also participated in four (two in-person and two telephonic) counseling sessions with a health coach. Intent-to-treat analysis showed greater weight loss at 3 months (-2.56 kg; 95% CI -3.60, -1.53) among intervention participants (-2.28 +/- 3.21 kg), relative to usual care (0.28 +/- 1.87 kg). Similar findings were observed among intervention completers (-3.05 kg; 95% CI -4.24, -1.85). High rates of participant retention (84%) and website utilization were observed, with the greatest weight loss found among those with a high frequency of website logins (quartile 4 vs. 1: -4.16 kg; 95% CI -1.47, -6.84). The intervention's approach promoted moderate weight loss at 12 weeks, though greater weight loss was observed among those with higher levels of website utilization. Efficacious web-based weight loss interventions can be successfully offered in the primary care setting.

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Effects of lifestyle intervention in obese pregnant women on gestational weight gain and mental health: a randomized controlled trial.

A Bogaerts, R Devlieger, E Nuyts … (2013)

Lifestyle intervention could help obese pregnant women to limit their weight gain during pregnancy and improve their psychological comfort, but has not yet been evaluated in randomized controlled trials. We evaluated whether a targeted antenatal lifestyle intervention programme for obese pregnant women influences gestational weight gain (GWG) and levels of anxiety or depressed mood.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Annick Bogaerts:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-4682

Department of Development and RegenerationUniversity of LeuvenO&N IV Herestraat 49 - bus 805Leuven, 3000Belgium32 16 19 31 27annick.bogaerts@kuleuven.be

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): JMIR Form Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): JMIR Form Res

Journal ID (publisher-id): JFR

Title: JMIR Formative Research

Publisher: JMIR Publications (Toronto, Canada )

ISSN (Electronic): 2561-326X

Publication date Collection: February 2020

Publication date (Electronic): 14 February 2020

Volume: 4

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: e16090

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Development and Regeneration University of Leuven Leuven Belgium

[2 ] Faculty of Health and Social Work, Research Unit Resilient People University Colleges Leuven-Limburg Leuven Belgium

[3 ] Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium

[4 ] Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Rehabilitation Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute Hasselt University Hasselt Belgium

[5 ] Meaningful Interactions Lab (Mintlab) University of Leuven Leuven Belgium

[6 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium

[7 ] Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Fertility Gasthuiszusters Antwerpen, Campus Sint-Augustinus Wilrijk Belgium

Author notes

Corresponding Author: Annick Bogaerts annick.bogaerts@ 123456kuleuven.be

Author information

Annick Bogaerts https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-4682

Margriet Bijlholt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-7775

Lotte Mertens https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3220-2593

Marijke Braeken https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3157-2602

Bart Jacobs https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-8692

Bert Vandenberghe https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-6743

Lieveke Ameye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-1766

Roland Devlieger https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-4684

Article

Publisher ID: v4i2e16090

DOI: 10.2196/16090

PMC ID: 7055839

PubMed ID: 32130109

SO-VID: 38943f03-e640-40c8-8e77-b9b579cbc361

Copyright © ©Annick Bogaerts, Margriet Bijlholt, Lotte Mertens, Marijke Braeken, Bart Jacobs, Bert Vandenberghe, Lieveke Ameye, Roland Devlieger. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (http://formative.jmir.org), 14.02.2020.

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Formative Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://formative.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

History

Date received : 3 September 2019

Date revision requested : 25 September 2019

Date revision received : 25 November 2019

Date accepted : 17 December 2019

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