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      Importancia de la confirmación microbiológica en un brote de leptospirosis humana en la ciudad de Villa Clara

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          Abstract

          Se creó un grupo multidisciplinario encargado de confirmar la existencia de leptospirosis humana en la provincia Villa Clara, en la cual a finales del mes de junio de 1997, se produjo un incremento considerable de casos febriles con síntomas y signos compatibles con enfermedades como dengue hemorrágico y leptospirosis humana. El Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia de Leptospiras del Instituto "Pedro Kourí", organizó como estrategia de trabajo un conjunto de técnicas directas e indirectas de diagnóstico que sirvieran para confirmar el problema de salud presentado. Como resultados finales, se obtuvieron que los serogrupos Ballum, Pomona, Canicola e Icterohaemorrhagiae, fueron los de mayor porcentaje de aparición entre los casos estudiados. Un total de 7 casos presentaron infección activa, fueron positivos por el método de hemaglutinación pasiva. Los 4 casos graves estudiados por hemaglutinación pasiva y por microaglutinación fueron positivos. Resultaron negativos por estas 2 técnicas, los sueros de los 3 pacientes con síndrome febril de etiología desconocida. Las 3 muestras obtenidas de la autopsia de un fallecido fueron reactivas por examen directo en campo oscuro y tinción de la inmunoperoxidasa. Los monosueros de las personas fallecidas fueron altamente reactivos por hemaglutinación pasiva (títulos desde 1-10 y hasta 1-640). Fueron tipados 2 hemocultivos como Ballum; 2 orinas y 1 hemocultivo fueron positivos por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. De esta forma se ofreció una respuesta rápida a las autoridades de salud pública del Viceministerio de Higiene y Epidemiología de Cuba, al confirmarse microbiológicamente la existencia de la enfermedad, y se sugirió la posibilidad de aplicar la vacuna de producción nacional vax SPIRAL en el área afectada.

          Translated abstract

          A multidisciplinary group was created to confirm the existance of human leptospirosis in the province of Villa Clara where by the end of June, 1977, there was a considerable increase of febrile cases with symptoms and signs consistent with diseases such as hemorrhagic dengue and human leptospirosis. The National Laboratory of Reference of Leptospires from "Pedro Kourí" Institute, organized a set of direct and indirect diagnostic techniques as a working strategy that would serve to confirm this health problem. As a final result, it was observed that the Ballum, Pomona, Canicola and Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroups showed the highest percentage of appearance among the studied cases. A total of 7 cases had active infection, since they were positives by the passive hemoagglutination method. The four severe cases studied by passive hemoagglutination and microagglutination were positive. Sera from the 3 patients with febrile syndrome of unknown ethiology were negative by these 2 techniques. The 3 samples obtained from the autopsy of a dead were positive by direct exam in dark field and staining of immunoperoxidase. The monosera of the dead subjects were higly reactive by passive hemagglutination (titers from 1-10 and up to 1-640). 2 hemocultures were typified as Ballum; 2 urines and 1 hemoculture were positive by polymerase chain reaction. In this way, a fast answer was given to the health public authorities from the Viceministry of Hygiene and Epidemiology of Cuba on confirming microbiologically the existance of the disease.It was sugggested to administer the Cuban vax SPIRAL vaccine in the affected area.

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          Most cited references6

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          Detection of Leptospiraceae by amplification of 16S ribosomal DNA

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            Guidelines for the control and prevention of leptospirosis

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              Leptospirosis on the African continent: Proceeding of a CEC-STD 3. Research Meeting

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                mtr
                Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical
                Rev Cubana Med Trop
                Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana )
                1561-3054
                August 2003
                : 55
                : 2
                : 96-99
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                Article
                S0375-07602003000200006
                3905719a-ab7b-4ca4-be97-81b2323188c8

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0375-0760&lng=en
                Categories
                TROPICAL MEDICINE

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                LEPTOSPIROSIS,MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES,DISEASE OUTBREAKS,TECNICAS MICROBIOLOGICAS,BROTES DE ENFERMEDADES

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