13
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Brote de gastroenteritis en una residencia de ancianos de Albacete Translated title: Outbreak of gastroenteritis at an old people's home in Albacete

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Fundamento: Se describe el estudio de un brote de gastroenteritis aguda de inicio explosivo y probable origen hídrico, en una residencia de ancianos de Albacete, en el mes de noviembre de 1999 y que afectó a 104 residentes y a 35 trabajadores. El cuadro clínico se caracterizó por la presentación de vómitos y diarrea como síntomas dominantes. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de datos y cruce de variables mediante tablas simples. El análisis multivariante se realiza mediante modelos de regresión logística para la fase explosiva y de transmisión de persona a persona. Resultados: La tasa de ataque fue del 45,8% para residentes y de 33,7% en trabajadores. Se encontró asociación entre la utilización del comedor principal de la residencia y el inicio explosivo del brote así como entre la presencia inicial de un caso en habitaciones compartidas y la transmisión de persona a persona. Se aisló virus Norwalk-like en heces de 4 enfermos. Conclusiones: El análisis de las características clínicas y epidemiológicas, así como los resultados de laboratorio confirman la implicación del virus Norwalk-like como agente causal en este brote.

          Translated abstract

          Background: We describe the investigation of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak with an explosive beginning, probably waterborne, that ocurred in an nursing home in Albacete, in November 1999 and affected 104 inmates and 35 employees. The dominant symptoms were diarrhea and vomiting. Methods: A case-control study was designed. We carried out a descriptive analysis of facts and crossing of variables with the help of simple tables. A multivariant analysis, by models of logistic regression, was conducted both for the explosive phase and for that of transmission person-to-person. Results: The attack rate for inmates was 45,8% and for employees,33,7%. An association was found between the use of the main dining-room of the nursing home and the explosive beginning of the outbreak and between the previous presence of a case-patient in the shared bedrooms and the person-to-person transmission. Norwalk-like virus was isolated from faeces samples of four cases. Conclusions: The analysis of the clinical and epidemiological findings as well as the laboratory results proved the implication of a Norwalk-like virus in this outbreak.

          Related collections

          Most cited references17

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales: 1995 and 1996.

          One thousand nine hundred and nineteen general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales were reported to the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC) between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 1996, compared with 1073 in the previous two years. A minimum data set was received for 1568 (82%) of the 1919 outbreaks. Over 40,000 people were affected and about 2% of those who were ill were admitted to hospital. Seventy-one deaths were reported. The duration of outbreaks varied between less than one day and 202 days (median six days) according to the pathogen. Small round structured virus (SRSV) (43%) and salmonellas (15%) were the most commonly reported pathogens. In almost a quarter of the outbreaks (24%) the aetiology was unknown. Over half the outbreaks (64%) were reported to be transmitted from person to person, most of which were due to SRSV and occurred in residential homes and hospitals. Twenty-two per cent of outbreaks were described as mainly foodborne, 51% of which were due to salmonellas. The number of outbreaks reported in each region ranged from 52 in Wales to 512 in Northern and Yorkshire.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            An outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in a geriatric long-term-care facility: combined application of epidemiological and molecular diagnostic methods.

            To assess possible transmission modes of, and risk factors for, gastroenteritis associated with Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) in a geriatric long-term-care facility. During a prolonged outbreak of acute gastroenteritis, epidemiological data on illness among residents and employees were collected in conjunction with stool, vomitus, and environmental specimens for viral testing. NLVs were identified by electron microscopy in stool and vomitus specimens, and further characterized by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. Potential risk factors were examined through medical-record review, personal interview, and a self-administered questionnaire sent to all employees. During the outbreak period, 52 (57%) of 91 residents and 34 (35%) of 90 employees developed acute gastroenteritis. Four case-residents were hospitalized; three residents died at the facility shortly after onset of illness. A point source was not identified; no association between food or water consumption and gastroenteritis was identified. A single NLV strain genetically related to Toronto virus was the only pathogen identified. Residents were at significantly higher risk of gastroenteritis if they were physically debilitated (relative risk [RR], 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.0-12.9), as were employees exposed to residents with acute gastroenteritis (RR, 2.6; CI95, 1.1-6.5) or ill household members (RR, 2.3; CI95, 1.4-3.6). Adherence to infection control measures among the nursing staff may have reduced the risk of gastroenteritis, but the reduction did not reach statistical significance. In the absence of evidence for food-borne or waterborne transmission, NLVs likely spread among residents and employees of a long-term-care facility through person-to-person or airborne droplet transmission. Rapid notification of local health officials, collection of clinical specimens, and institution of infection control measures are necessary if viral gastroenteritis transmission is to be limited in institutional settings.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              A community outbreak of food-borne small round-structured virus gastroenteritis caused by a contaminated water supply.

              In August 1994, 30 of 135 (23%) bakery plant employees and over 100 people from South Wales and Bristol in the United Kingdom, were affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis. Epidemiological studies of employees and three community clusters found illness in employees to be associated with drinking cold water at the bakery (relative risk 3.3, 95%, CI 1.6-7.0), and in community cases with eating custard slices (relative risk 19.8, 95%, CI 2.9-135.1) from a variety of stores supplied by one particular bakery. Small round-structured viruses (SRSV) were identified in stool specimens from 4 employees and 7 community cases. Analysis of the polymerase and capsid regions of the SRSV genome by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated viruses of both genogroups (1 and 2) each with several different nucleotide sequences. The heterogeneity of the viruses identified in the outbreak suggests that dried custard mix may have been inadvertently reconstituted with contaminated water. The incident shows how secondary food contamination can cause wide-scale community gastroenteritis outbreaks, and demonstrates the ability of molecular techniques to support classical epidemiological methods in outbreak investigations.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                December 2000
                : 74
                : 5-6
                Affiliations
                [04] orgnameConsejería de Sanidad de Castilla la Mancha
                [01] orgnameCentro Nacional de Epidemiología orgdiv1Programa de Epidemiología Aplicada de Campo
                [02] orgnameDelegación de Salud Albacete
                [03] orgnameCentro Nacional de Microbiología
                [05] orgnameCentro Nacional de Epidemiología
                Article
                S1135-57272000000500012 S1135-5727(00)07400500012
                10.1590/S1135-57272000000500012
                391e7ac0-c561-49b0-a2e0-d7f74978d45b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                Originales

                Ancianos,Virus Norwalk-like,Viral gastroenteritis,Norwalk-like virus,Brote epidémico,Epidemic outbreak,Nursing home,Gastroenteritis vírica

                Comments

                Comment on this article