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      Paleocene latitude of the Kohistan–Ladakh arc indicates multistage India–Eurasia collision

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          Abstract

          We report paleomagnetic data showing that an intraoceanic Trans-Tethyan subduction zone existed south of the Eurasian continent and north of the Indian subcontinent until at least Paleocene time. This system was active between 66 and 62 Ma at a paleolatitude of 8.1 ± 5.6 °N, placing it 600–2,300 km south of the contemporaneous Eurasian margin. The first ophiolite obductions onto the northern Indian margin also occurred at this time, demonstrating that collision was a multistage process involving at least two subduction systems. Collisional events began with collision of India and the Trans-Tethyan subduction zone in Late Cretaceous to Early Paleocene time, followed by the collision of India (plus Trans-Tethyan ophiolites) with Eurasia in mid-Eocene time. These data constrain the total postcollisional convergence across the India–Eurasia convergent zone to 1,350–2,150 km and limit the north–south extent of northwestern Greater India to <900 km. These results have broad implications for how collisional processes may affect plate reconfigurations, global climate, and biodiversity.

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          The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data

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            Dispersion on a Sphere

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              India–Eurasia collision chronology has implications for crustal shortening and driving mechanism of plates

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                Author and article information

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                Journal
                Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
                Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
                Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
                0027-8424
                1091-6490
                November 04 2020
                : 202009039
                Article
                10.1073/pnas.2009039117
                33148806
                394d148b-80f9-48a7-abc1-ca3f40cd7cb8
                © 2020

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                https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml

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