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      Internal anal sphincter: An anatomic study

      , , ,
      Clinical Anatomy
      Wiley

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          Anatomy and function of the anal longitudinal muscle.

          The longitudinal muscle in the intersphincteric space has received little attention despite an explosion of interest in anorectal physiology in the past decade. Its anatomy is contested and its function unknown. Speculation, however, gives it a role as a skeleton supporting and binding the rest of the internal and external sphincter complex together, as an aid during defaecation by everting the anus, as a support to the haemorrhoidal cushions, and as a determining factor in the ramification of sepsis.
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            Anorectal function

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              Ultrastructural changes in internal anal sphincter in neurogenic faecal incontinence.

              The ultrastructural features of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) muscle were studied in biopsies from five patients with neurogenic anorectal incontinence and six control subjects undergoing anorectal excision for cancer, or for inflammatory bowel disease. In the patients with idiopathic neurogenic anorectal incontinence the internal anal sphincter showed loss of smooth muscle cells, disruption of the normal relationships of the remaining cells, stretching of elastic tissue, and increased collagen fibril content. These ultrastructural changes in the morphology of the internal anal sphincter, although probably not the primary cause of faecal incontinence, have functional relevance in the clinical syndrome, as shown by the reduction in resting anal canal pressure found in some patients with this syndrome.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Clinical Anatomy
                Clin. Anat.
                Wiley
                0897-3806
                1098-2353
                January 2004
                January 2004
                2003
                : 17
                : 1
                : 17-20
                Article
                10.1002/ca.10160
                39d324fb-bc3e-476c-acb8-67bfa59446ef
                © 2003

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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