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      The challenge of diagnostic metagenomics

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      Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics
      Informa UK Limited

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          Cloning of a human parvovirus by molecular screening of respiratory tract samples.

          The identification of new virus species is a key issue for the study of infectious disease but is technically very difficult. We developed a system for large-scale molecular virus screening of clinical samples based on host DNA depletion, random PCR amplification, large-scale sequencing, and bioinformatics. The technology was applied to pooled human respiratory tract samples. The first experiments detected seven human virus species without the use of any specific reagent. Among the detected viruses were one coronavirus and one parvovirus, both of which were at that time uncharacterized. The parvovirus, provisionally named human bocavirus, was in a retrospective clinical study detected in 17 additional patients and associated with lower respiratory tract infections in children. The molecular virus screening procedure provides a general culture-independent solution to the problem of detecting unknown virus species in single or pooled samples. We suggest that a systematic exploration of the viruses that infect humans, "the human virome," can be initiated.
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            The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

            Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with encephalitis were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The guidelines are intended for use by health care providers who care for patients with encephalitis. The guideline includes data on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of many viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and helminthic etiologies of encephalitis and provides information on when specific etiologic agents should be considered in individual patients with encephalitis.
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              Validation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Tests for Universal Pathogen Detection.

              - Metagenomic sequencing can be used for detection of any pathogens using unbiased, shotgun next-generation sequencing (NGS), without the need for sequence-specific amplification. Proof-of-concept has been demonstrated in infectious disease outbreaks of unknown causes and in patients with suspected infections but negative results for conventional tests. Metagenomic NGS tests hold great promise to improve infectious disease diagnostics, especially in immunocompromised and critically ill patients.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics
                Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics
                Informa UK Limited
                1473-7159
                1744-8352
                June 18 2018
                July 03 2018
                June 18 2018
                July 03 2018
                : 18
                : 7
                : 605-615
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
                Article
                10.1080/14737159.2018.1487292
                29898605
                3acd28a2-cbbb-4521-b938-593249079759
                © 2018
                History

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