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      Depresión y sobrecarga en el cuidado de personas mayores Translated title: Depression and burden in the caretaking of elderly

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Fundamentos: Los cuidados informales afectan a la calidad de vida y a la salud emocional. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la relación entre la carga y la depresión en los cuidadores/as medida con Escala de Zarit y GHQ-28 y el deterioro funcional global del anciano medido mediante OARS-MFAQ. Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo por entrevistas a 104 personas mayores de 65 años y sus cuidadores/as informales en la ciudad de Ourense. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y una regresión logística de las variables que influyen en la depresión y la sobrecarga por cuidar ancianos. Resultados: El 82,7% de cuidadores/as eran mujeres con edad media de 63,64 años (IC 95%: 61,05-66,23) y el 10,3% mayor de 80 años. El 32,2% presentaba sobrecarga encontrándose como factores asociados a la misma, cuidar de ancianos más jóvenes (p=0,043), ser pareja del anciano (p=0,003), tener mayor edad (p=0,031) y el riesgo de depresión medida con GHQ (p<0,001). Tener buena percepción de la visión (p=0,038), rechazar el uso de bastón (p=0,002) o silla de ruedas (p=0,015) también se asoció con la sobrecarga. Conclusiones: Las cuidadoras informales son mujeres en torno a 60 años. Aunque no sientan sobrecarga por cuidar, tienen depresión, que es más probable cuanto más severa es la carga y esta se relaciona con la percepción de carencias económicas básicas para el cuidado.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: Informal care affects the quality of life and emotional health. Objective: To analyze the relationship between burden and depression in caregivers measured by Zarit’s Scale and GHQ-28 and the global functional deterioration of the elderly measured by OARS-MFAQ. Methods: Descriptive observational cross-sectional study in Primary Health Care at Ourense city. 104 people (>65 years old) and their caregivers were interviewed. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the characteristics that increase the probability to suffer burden and depression. Results: 82.7% of caregivers were women with an average age of 63.64 years (95% CI: 61.05-66.23) and 10.3% were over 80 years old. 32.2% had an overload, associated with taking care of younger people (p=0.043), being a couple of an elder (p=0.003) being older (p=0.031) and the risk of depression which were all found as factors associated with burden, measured by GHQ (p<0.001). Having good perception of the vision (p=0.038), rejecting the use of a cane (p=0.002) or wheelchair (p=0.015) were also associated with factors contributing to burden. Conclusions: Informal caregivers are women around their sixties, and although they do not feel overburdened for caring, they have depression, more likely the more severe the burden is, and it is related with the perception of economic deficiencies for the caring.

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          Most cited references23

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          Validity of the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) in a Spanish population.

          This study confirms the validity of a Spanish version of the General Health Questionnaire in its scaled 28-item version. The screening instrument was tested on a sample of 100 patients attending an internal medicine out-patient clinic, who were examined independently by psychiatrists standardized in the use of the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS). The questionnaire correctly identified 85% of 'cases' with a cutting score of 6/7 (sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 90.2%), and 83% of cases with a cutting score of 5/6 (sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 82%), suggesting a discriminative power almost as good as the Spanish GHQ-60. It has the important advantage of being considerably shorter and, although the 4 subscales are by no means independent, its concurrent validity with CIS ratings suggests that they provide additional information concerning anxiety and depression.
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            The determinants of informal caregivers' burden in the care of frail older persons: a dynamic and role-related perspective.

            Research into informal caregivers' burden does not distinguish between different stages of impairment. This study explored the determinants of burden from an in-depth perspective in order to identify which determinants apply to which phases of impairment.
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              El cuidado como eje vertebrador de una nueva economía

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                2019
                : 93
                : e201908038
                Affiliations
                [4] Ourense orgnameIlustre Colegio Oficial de Médicos de Ourense España
                [1] Ourense orgnameEstructura Organizativa de Xestión Integrada Ourense, Verín e O Barco de Valdeorras orgdiv1Centro de Salud Novoa Santos España
                [5] Ourense orgnameEstructura Organizativa de Xestión Integrada Ourense, Verín e O Barco de Valdeorras España
                [3] Madrid orgnameNutricia Iberia (Advanced Medical Nutrition) España
                [6] Pontevedra orgnameEstructura Organizativa de Xestión Integrada Vigo. España
                [2] Pontevedra orgnameEstructura Organizativa de Xestión Integrada Vigo orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur España
                Article
                S1135-57272019000100213 S1135-5727(19)09300000213
                3b7bea34-24c0-4cf8-805f-09f918f08b7c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 September 2018
                : 12 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                Originales Breves

                Atención primaria,Health deterioration,Dependency,Long-lasting care,Calidad de vida,Primary care,Activities of daily living,Depression,Quality of life,Cuidador informal,Burden,Sobrecarga,Depresión,Informal care,Ancianos,Deterioro de la salud,Dependencia,Elderly,Actividades de la vida diaria,Cuidados de larga duración

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