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      Percepciones de los adolescentes sobre el uso de las redes sociales y su influencia en la salud mental Translated title: Percepções dos adolescentes sobre o uso das redes sociais e sua influência na saúde mental Translated title: Adolescents' perceptions about the use of social networks and their influence on mental health

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Objetivo: Identificar la percepción que tienen los adolescentes sobre el uso de las redes sociales y la influencia en la salud mental. Método: Investigación descriptiva-exploratoria con abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo, realizada con adolescentes de entre diez y diecinueve años que son usuarios de las redes sociales. La muestra estuvo formada por 71 participantes seleccionados mediante la técnica de bola de nieve. El instrumento utilizado para llevar a cabo la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario online, desarrollado por los investigadores por medio de la herramienta Google Forms, y difundido a través de las redes sociales. Los datos fueron tabulados y presentados en gráficos y Tablas, a través de estadísticas simples y discusión basada en literatura científica. Resultados: En cuanto al uso de redes sociales, el 100% de los encuestados respondió que las usaba con frecuencia, 27% dijo formar parte de 3 redes sociales, siendo WhatsApp e Instagram las más utilizadas, con 27% cada una. En cuanto a los riesgos de su uso, 34% de los participantes manifestó que se trataba de la divulgación de datos personales. El principal sentimiento que manifestaron en las redes fue el de vergüenza (27%); las contribuciones de las redes sociales son estudios/actualizaciones (29,5%); las consecuencias para la salud mental resultantes del uso fueron la invasión de la privacidad/divulgación de datos (20,5%) y la adicción (19,3%). Conclusión: El uso de las redes es cada vez mayor y provoca el surgimiento de nuevas formas de enfermedad, principalmente mentales, por lo tanto, es necesario que los profesionales de la salud aborden esta problemática para intervenir de forma efectiva.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO: Objetivo: Objetiva-se identificar a percepção dos adolescentes sobre o uso das redes sociais e a influência na saúde mental. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizada com adolescentes de idade entre dez e dezenove anos que são usuários das redes sociais. A amostra consistiu em 71 participantes coletados a partir da técnica bola de neve. O instrumento utilizado para a realização da coleta de dados foi o questionário online, elaborado pelos pesquisadores e desenvolvido através da ferramenta Google Forms, e divulgado através das redes sociais, sendo posteriormente tabulados e apresentados em gráficos e Tabelas, através de uma estatística simples e discussão com base na literatura científica. Resultados: Acerca do uso das redes sociais 100% dos pesquisados responderam utiliza-las com frequência, 27% afirmaram fazer parte de 3 redes sociais, sendo o WhatsApp e Instagram os mais utilizados, com um total de 27% cada uma. Acerca dos riscos do seu uso, 34% dos participantes afirmaram ser a divulgação de dados pessoais. O principal sentimento sentido por eles nas redes foi o de constrangimento (27%); as contribuições das redes sociais são estudos/atualizações (29,5%); e as consequências para a saúde mental decorrente do uso foram invasão de privacidade/divulgação de dados (20,5%) e vício (19,3%). Conclusão: O uso das redes é crescente e faz surgir novas formas de adoecimento, principalmente de ordem mental, necessitando que o profissional de saúde se aproxime dessa problemática para intervirem de forma efetiva.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Objective To identify the adolescents' perception about the use of social networks and the influence on mental health. Method This is a descriptive-exploratory research study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out with adolescents aged between ten and nineteen years old who are users of social networks. The sample consisted of 71 participants recruited using the snowball technique. The instrument used to carry out data collection was the online questionnaire, elaborated by the researchers and developed through the Google Forms tool, and disseminated through social networks, being subsequently tabulated and presented in graphs and Tables, through simple statistics and discussion based on the scientific literature. Results Regarding the use of social networks, 100% of those surveyed stated using them frequently, 27% said that they participated in 3 social networks, with WhatsApp and Instagram being the most used, with a total of 27% each. Regarding the risks of their use, 34% of the participants stated that it was disclosure of personal data. The main feeling they felt in the networks was that of embarrassment (27%); the contributions of the social networks are related to studies/updates (29.5%); and the consequences for mental health resulting from use were invasion of privacy/disclosure of data (20.5%) and addiction (19.3%). Conclusion: The use of networks is growing and causes new forms of illness to arise, mainly of a mental nature, requiring the health professional to approach this problem in order to intervene effectively.

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          The Power of the Like in Adolescence: Effects of Peer Influence on Neural and Behavioral Responses to Social Media.

          We investigated a unique way in which adolescent peer influence occurs on social media. We developed a novel functional MRI (fMRI) paradigm to simulate Instagram, a popular social photo-sharing tool, and measured adolescents' behavioral and neural responses to likes, a quantifiable form of social endorsement and potential source of peer influence. Adolescents underwent fMRI while viewing photos ostensibly submitted to Instagram. They were more likely to like photos depicted with many likes than photos with few likes; this finding showed the influence of virtual peer endorsement and held for both neutral photos and photos of risky behaviors (e.g., drinking, smoking). Viewing photos with many (compared with few) likes was associated with greater activity in neural regions implicated in reward processing, social cognition, imitation, and attention. Furthermore, when adolescents viewed risky photos (as opposed to neutral photos), activation in the cognitive-control network decreased. These findings highlight possible mechanisms underlying peer influence during adolescence.
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            Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review

            Cyberbullying is a new form of violence that is expressed through electronic media and has given rise to concern for parents, educators and researchers. In this paper, an association between cyberbullying and adolescent mental health will be assessed through a systematic review of two databases: PubMed and Virtual Health Library (BVS). The prevalence of cyberbullying ranged from 6.5% to 35.4%. Previous or current experiences of traditional bullying were associated with victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying. Daily use of three or more hours of Internet, web camera, text messages, posting personal information and harassing others online were associated with cyberbullying. Cybervictims and cyberbullies had more emotional and psychosomatic problems, social difficulties and did not feel safe and cared for in school. Cyberbullying was associated with moderate to severe depressive symptoms, substance use, ideation and suicide attempts. Health professionals should be aware of the violent nature of interactions occurring in the virtual environment and its harm to the mental health of adolescents.
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              A amostragem em bola de neve na pesquisa qualitativa: Um debate aberto

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2021
                : 20
                : 64
                : 324-364
                Affiliations
                [2] Rio Grande do Norte orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido Brazil
                [1] orgnameUniversidad del Estado de Rio Grande do Norte Brasil rodrigojmf@ 123456gmail.com
                [3] orgnameFacultad Evolução Alto Oeste Potiguar Brasil
                Article
                S1695-61412021000400324 S1695-6141(21)02006400324
                10.6018/eglobal.462631
                3ba7117c-2177-448a-a639-e0254c0d799b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 July 2021
                : 08 January 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 41
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Mental health,Enfermería,Salud Mental,Red Social,Adolescente,Nursing,Social Networking,Adolescent,Enfermagem,Saúde Mental,Rede social

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