Análisis de la categoría de riesgo de los ajolotes de arroyos de alta montaña (Caudata: Ambystoma)  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Analysis of risk category of high mountain stream’s mole salamanders (Caudata: Ambystoma) </span>

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Abstract

RESUMEN Los ajolotes de arroyos de alta montaña (Ambystoma), forman parte de especies vulnerables debido a la naturaleza de su distribución, la cual se restringe a pequeños arroyos permanentes en las montañas de la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana; estas especies, además, se conforman por poblaciones pequeñas y aisladas, lo cual incrementa su vulnerabilidad. En este trabajo se analizan las amenazas potenciales para Ambystoma rivulare, A. altamirani y A. leorae, y con base en los criterios propuestos por la SEMARNAT y el Puntaje de Vulnerabilidad Ambiental desarrollado por Wilson y McCranie (2003), se argumenta que el estado de conservación de estas especies puede cambiarse a un nivel de mayor protección.

Translated abstract

ABSTRACT High mountain stream’s mole salamanders (Ambystoma) are vulnerable species owing to their restricted distribution, which is limited to little streams located at high mountains in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Besides, those species are formed by small and isolated populations increasing their vulnerability. Potential threats to Ambystoma rivulare, A. altamirani, and A. leorae, were reviewed, based on SEMARNAT criteria, and the Environmental Vulnerability Score (EVS) proposed by Wilson and McCranie (2003). If conservation status should be changed to a higher level of protection is discussed.

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Genetics and demography in biological conservation.

R Lande (1988)

Predicting the extinction of single populations or species requires ecological and evolutionary information. Primary demographic factors affecting population dynamics include social structure, life history variation caused by environmental fluctuation, dispersal in spatially heterogeneous environments, and local extinction and colonization. In small populations, inbreeding can greatly reduce the average individual fitness, and loss of genetic variability from random genetic drift can diminish future adaptability to a changing environment. Theory and empirical examples suggest that demography is usually of more immediate importance than population genetics in determining the minimum viable sizes of wild populations. The practical need in biological conservation for understanding the interaction of demographic and genetic factors in extinction may provide a focus for fundamental advances at the interface of ecology and evolution.