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      Cadmium toxicity in plants Translated title: Toxicidade de cádmio em plantas

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          Abstract

          Heavy metals are important environmental pollutants and their toxicity is a problem of increasing significance for ecological, evolutionary, nutritional, and environmental reasons. Plants posses homeostatic cellular mechanisms to regulate the concentration of metal ions inside the cell to minimize the potential damage that could result from the exposure to nonessential metal ions. This paper summarizes present knowledge in the field of higher plant responses to cadmium, an important environmental pollutant. Knowledge concerning metal toxicity, including mechanisms of cadmium homeostasis, uptake, transport and accumulation are evaluated. The role of the cell wall, the plasma membrane and the mycorrhizas, as the main barriers against cadmium entrance to the cell, as well as some aspects related to phytochelatin-based sequestration and compartmentalization processes are also reviewed. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress was also considered as one of the most studied topics of cadmium toxicity.

          Translated abstract

          Metais pesados são importantes poluentes ambientais a sua toxicidade é um problema de importância crescente por razões ecológicas, evolucionárias, nutricional e ambiental. Plantas possuem mecanismos celulares homeostáticos para regular a concentração de íons metálicos dentro das células, para minimizar o dano potencial que poderia resultar pela exposição a íons metálicos não essenciais. Este trabalho resume o presente conhecimento na area de respostas de plantas ao cádmio, um importante poluente ambiental. Conhecimento relativo a toxicidade pelo metal, incluindo mecanismos de homeostase de cádmio, absorção, transporte e acúmulo são avaliados. O papel da parede celular, membrana plasmática e micorrizas, como barreiras principais contra a entrada de cádmio na célula, assim como aspectos relacionados ao seqüestro por fitoquelatinas e compartimentalização são revistos. Estresse oxidativo induzido por cádmio é também considerado como um dos tópicos mais estudados na toxicidade por este metal pesado.

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          Mineral Nutrition of Hiher Plants

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            Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine

            "This latest edition has been comprehensively rewritten and updated (over 80% of the text is new), whilst maintaining the clarity of its predecessor. There is expanded coverage of isoprostanes and related compounds, mechanisms of oxidative damage to DNA and proteins (and the repair of such damage), the free radical theory of ageing and the roles played by reactive species in signal transduction, cell death, human reproduction, and other important biological events. Greater emphasis has also been placed on the methods available to measure reactive species and oxidative damage (and their potential pitfalls), as well as the importance of antioxidants in the human diet." "This book is recommended as a comprehensive introduction to the field for students, clinicians and researchers, and an invaluable companion to all those interested in the role of free radicals in the life and medical sciences."--BOOK JACKET.
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              Effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation, superoxide anion generation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing rice seedlings

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bjpp
                Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology
                Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
                Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology (Campos dos Goytacazes )
                1677-9452
                March 2005
                : 17
                : 1
                : 21-34
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina
                Article
                S1677-04202005000100003
                10.1590/S1677-04202005000100003
                3beffd96-652d-4cf5-854b-ffc5c61642d0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1677-0420&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                cadmium,heavy metals,metal toxicity,phytochelatins,oxidative stress,cádmio,estresse oxidativo,fitoquelatinas,metais pesados,toxicidade por metais

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