An exorbitant rate of resource consumption has created a negative impact on the urban environment. If urban residents fail to behave pro-environmentally, a gradual but sure deterioration of the environment is due in the near future. This study examines the relation between environmental knowledge and pro-environmental behaviour of the residents, with environmental values as the mediator. Survey data was gathered from residents of five large urban neighborhoods in Malaysia. Structural equation modeling is used to analyse the data. Conclusively, environmental knowledge affects the inculcation of environmental values in the residents of urban areas, which in turn affects their pro-environmental behaviour.2398-4295 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Pro-environmental behaviour; environmental knowledge; environmental values; quality of life