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      Implantes subperiósticos personalizados para la rehabilitación completa del maxilar superior atrófico. Revisión de una serie clínica de 8 casos Translated title: Subperiosteal personalised implants for the rehabilitation of the severely deficient edentulous maxilla. Revision of a clinical series of 8 cases

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Los implantes subperiósticos personalizados se presentan como una alternativa en la rehabilitación implantosoportada de pacientes con atrofia ósea grave. Este artículo describe nuestra experiencia en su uso para la rehabilitación completa del maxilar superior. Pacientes y métodos: Se presenta un estudio retrospectivo de 8 pacientes edéntulos con atrofia ósea grave del maxilar superior, tratados mediante estructuras de titanio personalizadas diseñadas y fabricadas en conjunto con la empresa Avinent Digital Health (Barcelona, España). Las estructuras se diseñan a partir de un TC maxilomandibular con cortes finos. Como guía de referencia se emplea una prótesis completa acrílica con marcas radiopacas. Las estructuras se diseñan en dos o tres piezas para favorecer su inserción y adaptación a los contornos óseos. La cirugía se lleva a cabo bajo anestesia general, e incluye colgajo de bola de Bichat bilateral previo al cierre mucoso. Inmediatamente tras la cirugía se coloca una prótesis fija provisional implantosoportada, que se sustituye por una prótesis fija de cerámica o híbrida a las 8-12 semanas. Resultados: Todos los pacientes llevan actualmente la prótesis fija final, con un tiempo de seguimiento de 4 a 36 meses. En ningún caso ha sido necesario retirar ni recortar el implante. Todos los pacientes están asintomáticos. Conclusión: Aunque se trata de un estudio preliminar, los resultados indican que esta técnica debe ser considerada una alternativa de tratamiento en atrofias maxilares graves.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Customized subperiosteal implants are presented as an alternative in the implant-supported rehabilitation of patients with severe bone atrophy. This article describes our experience in their use for complete maxillary rehabilitation. Patients and methods: A retrospective study of 8 edentulous patients with severe maxillary bone atrophy treated with customized titanium frameworks designed and manufactured in conjunction with Avinent Digital Health (Barcelona, Spain) is presented. The frameworks are designed based on a thin-slice maxillomandibular CT scan. A full acrylic prosthesis with radio-opaque markings is used as a reference guide. The structures are designed in two or three pieces to favor their insertion and adaptation to the bone contours. The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, and includes bilateral buccal fat pad flap prior to mucosal closure. Immediately after surgery an implant-supported temporary fixed prosthesis is placed, which is replaced by a fixed ceramic or hybrid prosthesis after 8-12 weeks. Results: All patients are currently wearing the final fixed prosthesis, with a follow-up time of 4 to 36 months. In no case has it been necessary to remove or trim the implant. All patients are asymptomatic. Conclusion: Although this is a preliminary study, the results indicate that this technique should be considered as a treatment alternative in severe maxillary atrophy.

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          A classification of the edentulous jaws.

          A classification of the edentulous jaws has been developed based on a randomised cross-sectional study from a sample of 300 dried skulls. It was noted that whilst the shape of the basalar process of the mandible and maxilla remains relatively stable, changes in shape of the alveolar process is highly significant in both the vertical and horizontal axes. In general, the changes of shape of the alveolar process follows a predictable pattern. Such a classification serves to simplify description of the residual ridge and thereby assist communication between clinicians; aid selection of the appropriate surgical prosthodontic technique; offer an objective baseline from which to evaluate and compare different treatment methods; and help in deciding on interceptive techniques to preserve the alveolar process. An awareness of the pattern of resorption that takes place in various parts of the edentulous jaws, enables clinicians to anticipate and avert future problems.
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            Custom-Made Direct Metal Laser Sintering Titanium Subperiosteal Implants: A Retrospective Clinical Study on 70 Patients

            Purpose To present a digital technique for the fabrication of custom-made subperiosteal implants and to report on the survival and complication rates encountered when using these fixtures. Methods The data used for this retrospective clinical study were derived from the medical records of five different private dental practices. Inclusion criteria were patients over the age of 60, treated with custom-made direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) titanium subperiosteal implants (Eagle-Grid®, BTK, Dueville, Vicenza) during a two-year period (2014-2015) and restored with fixed restorations; all enrolled patients needed to have complete pre- and postoperative clinical and radiographic documentation, with at least 2 years of follow-up. Exclusion criteria were smoking and bruxism. The main outcomes looked at were implant survival and complications. Results Seventy patients (39 males and 31 females, aged 62-79 years) who had been treated with custom-made DMLS titanium subperiosteal implants were enrolled in this study. After 2 years of follow-up, three implants were lost due to recurrent, untreatable infections; the survival rate was therefore 95.8% (67/70 implants). Four patients reported pain/discomfort/swelling after implant placement; the incidence of immediate postoperative complications was therefore 5.7% (4/70 implants). During the follow-up period, one patient suffered from recurrent infections classified as a biologic complication; the incidence of biologic complications was therefore 1.4% (1/67 surviving implants). Finally, four patients experienced prosthetic problems with their implant-supported restorations during the provisional phase (fracture of the acrylic restoration) and two patients had ceramic chipping of the definitive restoration; the incidence of prosthetic complications was therefore 8.9% (6/67 surviving implants). Conclusions Within the limits of the present study (limited follow-up time and low number of patients treated, retrospective design), the application of custom-made DMLS titanium subperiosteal implants showed satisfactory implant survival (95.8%) and low complication rates. Further studies are needed to confirm the positive outcomes found in this research.
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              A customised digitally engineered solution for fixed dental rehabilitation in severe bone deficiency: A new innovative line extension in implant dentistry.

              Numerous procedures including soft and hard tissue reconstructions are necessary to allow for final implant-borne dental rehabilitation in patients with severe alveolar atrophy or resected jaws. In these cases, customised digitally engineered patient solutions for fixed or removable dental rehabilitation provide an innovative line extension to conventional implant dentistry.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                maxi
                Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial
                Rev Esp Cirug Oral y Maxilofac
                Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial y de Cabeza y Cuello (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1130-0558
                2173-9161
                December 2021
                : 43
                : 4
                : 140-148
                Affiliations
                [2] Madrid orgnameClínica Cidad España
                [1] Madrid orgnameComplejo Hospitalario Ruber Juan Bravo orgdiv1Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial y Odontología España
                Article
                S1130-05582021000400004 S1130-0558(21)04300400004
                10.20986/recom.2021.1293/2021
                3c59ec3a-1a65-4306-a2d8-04280b606f61

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 November 2021
                : 07 June 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 9
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                SciELO Spain

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                customised dental implant,Subperiosteal implant,atrophic maxilla,patient-specific implant,Implantes subperiósticos,maxilar atrófico,implantes dentales a medida,implantes customizados

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