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      Pratiques contraceptives des femmes infectées par le VIH suivies en ambulatoire au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire) Translated title: Contraceptive practices of HIV-infected women followed up on an ambulatory basis at the Treichville University Hospital (Abidjan, Ivory Coast)

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          La planification familiale est une stratégie à haut impacts pour la réduction de la mortalité maternelle et pour la prévention de la transmission mère-enfant du VIH. L'objectif de cette étude était de décrire les pratiques contraceptives des femmes infectées par le VIH suivies en ambulatoire au CHU de Treichville

          Méthodes

          Une enquête transversale descriptive a été réalisée dans les unités de soins ambulatoires aux personnes vivant avec le VIH du CHU de Treichville du 1 er avril au 30 juin 2016. Durant cette période, toutes les patientes VIH positives en âge de procréer, fréquentant les services de gynécologie-obstétrique, pneumo-phtisiologie, dermatovénérologie et médecine interne ont été invitées à renseigner un questionnaire standardisé portant sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, médicaux et les pratiques contraceptives

          Résultats

          Au total, 283 femmes ont accepté de participer à l'étude, l'âge médian était de 36 ans avec une parité moyenne de 1,7. Les patientes étaient nullipares dans seulement 22,3% des cas et vivaient en couple dans 54,8% des cas. Elles n'avaient pas d'enfant avec le conjoint actuel dans 68,2% des cas. Le conjoint était informé du statut VIH dans 51,6% des cas. Elles étaient sous traitement antirétroviral dans 92,9% des cas avec une médiane de CD4 de 382 éléments/ml. La majorité des patientes (62,9%) avaient déclaré utiliser une méthode contraceptive moderne. Elles utilisaient surtout les progestatifs injectables (45,5%) et l'implant (32,6%). La pratique de la double protection n'a été signalé par seulement 17,4% d'entre-elles. Le niveau scolaire secondaire et supérieur (OR=2,23 [1,35-3,69], p=0,01), la multiparité (OR=1,84 [1,11-3,06], p=,002) et la révélation du statut VIH au conjoint (OR=1,86 [1,14-3,03], p < 0,01) étaient les facteurs significativement associés à l'utilisation de la contraception

          Conclusion

          Les pratiques contraceptives des femmes infectées par le VIH dans notre expérience restent globalement décevantes. Il faut développer des stratégies visant à améliorer l'intégration de la planification familiale dans la prise en charge les femmes infectées par le VIH.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction

          Family planning is a high impact strategy to reduce maternal mortality and to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. This study aims to describe contraceptive practices of HIV-infected women followed upon an ambulatory basis at the Treichville University Hospital.

          Methods

          We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive multicenter survey of people living with HIV in the ambulatory care units of the Treichville University Hospital from 1 April to 30 June 2016. During this period, all HIV positive patients of childbearing age attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Pneumophtisiology Department, the Department of Dermatovenereology and the Department of internal medicine were invited to complete a standardized questionnaire on the sociodemographic, medical characteristics and the contraceptive practices

          Results

          In total, 283 women agreed to participate in the study, their median age was 36 years with an average parity of 1.7. Patients were nulliparous in only 22.3% of cases and lived with a partner in 54.8% of cases. They had no child with the current partner in 68.2% of cases. The partner was informed about their HIV status in 51.6% of cases. They were under antiretroviral treatment in 92.9% of cases with a median mean CD4 of 382 cells/mL. The majority of patients (62.9%) declared that they were using a modern contraceptive method. They mainly used progestin injectable (45.5%) and contraceptive implant (32.6%). The practice of dual protection was reported by only 17.4% of them. Secondary and higher education (OR=2.23 [1,35-3,69], p=0.01), multiparity (OR=1.84 [1,11-3,06], p=0.002) and revelation of HIV positive status to the partner (OR=1.86 [1,14-3,03], p<0.01) were factors significantly associated with the use of contraception

          Conclusion

          Based on our experience, contraceptive practices in women infected with HIV are generally discouraging. It is essential to develop strategies to improve the integration of family planning into the management of HIV-infected women.

          Most cited references21

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          Family planning practices and pregnancy intentions among HIV-positive and HIV-negative postpartum women in Swaziland: a cross sectional survey

          Background In settings where sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV prevalence is high, the postpartum period is a time of increased biological susceptibility to pregnancy related sepsis. Enabling women living with HIV to avoid unintended pregnancies during the postpartum period can reduce vertical transmission and maternal mortality associated with HIV infection. We describe family planning (FP) practices and fertility desires of HIV-positive and HIV-negative postpartum women in Swaziland. Methods Data are drawn from a baseline survey of a four-year multi country prospective cohort study under the Integra Initiative, which is measuring the benefits and costs of providing integrated HIV and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in Kenya and Swaziland. We compare data from 386 HIV-positive women and 483 HIV-negative women recruited in Swaziland between February and August 2010. Data was collected on hand-held personal digital assistants (PDAs) covering fertility desires, mistimed or unwanted pregnancies and contraceptive use prior to their most recent pregnancy. Data were analysed using Stata 10.0. Descriptive statistics were conducted using the chi square test for categorical variables. Measures of effect were assessed using multivariate fixed effects logistic regression model accounting for clustering at facility level and the results are presented as adjusted odds ratios. Results Majority (69.2%) of postpartum women reported that their most recent pregnancy was unintended with no differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women: OR: 0.96 (95% CI) (0.70, 1.32). Although, there were significant differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women who reported that their previous pregnancy was unwanted, (20.7% vs. 13.5%, p = 0.004), when adjusted this was not significant OR: 1.43 (0.92, 1.91). 47.2% of HIV-positive women said it was mistimed compared to 52.5%, OR: 0.79 (0.59, 1.06). 37.9% of all women said they do not want another child. Younger women were more likely to have unwanted pregnancies: OR: 1.12 (1.07, 1.12), while they were less likely to have mistimed births; OR: 0.82 (0.70, 0.97). Those with tertiary education were less likely to have unwanted or mistimed pregnancies OR: 0.30 (0.11, 0.86). Half of HIV-positive women and more than a third of HIV-negative women reported that they had been using a FP method when they became pregnant with no differences between the groups: OR: 1.61 (0.82,3.41). Only short-acting methods were available to these women before the most recent pregnancy; and available during the postpartum visit. One fifth of all women received an FP method during the current visit. Among the four fifths who did not receive a method 17.3% reported they were already using a method or were breastfeeding. HIV-positive women were more likely to have already started a method than HIV-negative women (20% vs. 15%, p = 0.089). Conclusion There are few differences overall between the experiences of both HIV-positive and negative women in terms of FP experiences, unintended pregnancy and services received during the early postpartum period in Swaziland. Women attending postpartum facilities are receiving satisfactory care. Access to a wider range of effective methods is urgently needed if high levels of unintended pregnancy are to be reduced among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women living in Swaziland.
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            Contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning among HIV positive women on antiretroviral therapy in Kumasi, Ghana

            Background A key strategy for minimizing HIV infection rates especially via reduction of Mother– to-Child transmission is by reducing the unmet need for family planning. In Ghana, the integration of family planning services into Antiretroviral Therapy services for persons living with HIV/AIDS has largely been ignored. We set out to measure the prevalence of modern methods of contraception, the unmet need for family planning and to identify factors associated with the use of modern methods of contraception among HIV positive women on anti retroviral therapy. Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study of HIV positive women in their reproductive ages accessing care at an adult Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic in Kumasi, Ghana. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Epi Info version 7.1.2.0. Results A total of 230 women were included in the study. Fifty six percent were in the 30–39 year age group. The mean age (SD) was 36.3 (5.4) years. While 53.5% of respondents desired to have children, partner desire for children was reported by 54.6% of respondents with partners. About 74% had received information on contraception from their provider. 42.6% of participants and/or their partners were using a contraception method at the time of study; the male condom (79.6%) being the most commonly used method. The estimated unmet need for contraception was 27.8%. Contraceptive use was strongly associated with partner knowledge of HIV status (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI 1.36–9.72; p = 0.01) and use of a contraceptive method prior to diagnosis of HIV (AOR = 6.1; 2.65–14.23; p < 0.001). Conclusion Contraceptive Prevalence is high among HIV positive women in Kumasi compared with the general Ghanaian population. Despite this, there still is a high unmet need for family planning in this population. We recommend continuous education on contraceptives use to HIV patients accessing HAART services to further increase contraceptive uptake.
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              Pregnancy desire and dual method contraceptive use among people living with HIV attending clinical care in Kenya, Namibia and Tanzania.

              To describe factors associated with pregnancy desire and dual method use among people living with HIV in clinical care in sub-Saharan Africa.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                03 June 2019
                2019
                : 33
                : 79
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de Gynéco-obstétrique, CHU de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
                Author notes
                [& ]Auteur correspondant: Edouard N'guessan, Service de Gynéco-obstétrique, CHU de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
                Article
                PAMJ-33-79
                10.11604/pamj.2019.33.79.16435
                6689841
                3cbfd8c7-355e-465f-870b-3cde78582b34
                © Edouard N'guessan et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 27 June 2018
                : 24 April 2019
                Categories
                Research

                Medicine
                planification familiale,contraception,infection à vih,family planning,hiv infection
                Medicine
                planification familiale, contraception, infection à vih, family planning, hiv infection

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