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      Polyphenolic profile and antiproliferative activity of bioaccessible fractions of zinc-fortified fruit beverages in human colon cancer cell lines Translated title: Perfil polifenólico y actividad antiproliferativa de las fracciones bioaccesibles de bebidas a base de zumo de frutas suplementadas con cinc en líneas celulares humanas de cáncer de colon

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          Abstract

          Introduction: Colorectal cancer risks could be reduced by polyphenol-rich diets that inhibit tumour cell growth. Aims: To determine the polyphenolic profile of four fruit beverages (FbZn, FbZnFe, FbZnM and FbZnFeM) as affected by the presence of Zn with/without Fe and with/without skimmed milk, and the digestion conditions. To evaluate the antiproliferative activity of bioaccessible fractions against Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. To clarify whether cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis is involved in their possible antiproliferative activity. Methods: The polyphenolic profiles were analyzed by RP-HPLC-DAD before and after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Cell proliferation and viability were measured using Trypan blue test, mitochondrial enzyme activity by means MTT test, cell cycle distribution using flow cytometry and apoptosis by means Hoechst dye. Results and discussion: The presence of zinc, iron and/or milk decreased the soluble extractable phenolic content before digestion probably by chelate formation, FbZn and FbZnFe being the samples with the highest soluble extractable phenolics. After digestion, a decrease in phenolics was observed in all zinc-fortified samples (up to 32% with respect to the original fruit beverages) - the FbZnFeM sample showing the lowest soluble extractable phenolic content, though with the lowest percentage decrease in phenolics (14%). FbZnM digest (~50 μM total soluble extractable phenolics) was the sample that most inhibited Caco-2 and HT-29 cell proliferation after 24 h of incubation, without cytotoxicity. The specific combination of phytochemicals in FbZnM digest proved cytostatic and significantly suppressed proliferation through cell cycle arrest in the S-phase in both cell lines, without apoptosis.

          Translated abstract

          Introducción: Los riesgos de cáncer colorrectal podrían reducirse mediante dietas ricas en polifenoles, los cuales pueden inhibir el crecimiento de células tumorales. Objetivos: Determinar cómo el perfil polifenólico de cuatro bebidas a base de zumo de frutas (FbZn, FbZnFe, FbZnM and FbZnFeM) puede verse afectado por la presencia de Zn con/sin Fe y con/sin leche desnatada, así como por las condiciones de digestión gastrointestinal. Evaluar la actividad antiproliferativa de las fracciones bioaccesibles en células Caco-2 y HT-29. Averiguar si un arresto en el ciclo celular y/o apoptosis están implicados en su posible actividad antiproliferativa. Métodos: Los perfiles polifenólicos se analizaron mediante RP-HPLC-DAD antes y después de la digestión gastrointestinal in vitro. La proliferación y viabilidad celular se determinaron con el azul tripán, la actividad enzimática mitocondrial por medio del test MTT, la distribución del ciclo celular por citometría de flujo y la apoptosis mediante la sonda fluorescente Hoechst. Resultados y discusión: La presencia de cinc, hierro y/o leche disminuyó el contenido de polifenoles solubles extraíbles antes de la digestión, probablemente por formación de quelatos. Tras la digestión, se observa un descenso en los polifenoles en todas las muestras suplementadas con cinc (hasta un 32% con respecto a las bebidas de frutas originales), siendo la muestra FbZnFeM aquella con menor contenido de polifenoles solubles extraíbles, aunque con el menor porcentaje de descenso de polifenoles (14%). La muestra digerida de FbZnM (~50 μM polifenoles totales solubles extraíbles) fue la que más inhibió la proliferación de las células Caco-2 y HT-29 tras 24 h de incubación, sin citotoxicidad. La combinación específica de compuestos fitoquímicos en la fracción bioaccesible de FbZnM actuó de forma citostática, disminuyendo la proliferación celular de forma significativa mediante arresto del ciclo celular en la fase S en ambas líneas celulares, no acompañado de apoptosis.

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          Most cited references59

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              Inhibition of non-haem iron absorption in man by polyphenolic-containing beverages.

              The effects of different polyphenol-containing beverages on Fe absorption from a bread meal were estimated in adult human subjects from the erythrocyte incorporation of radio-Fe. The test beverages contained different polyphenol structures and were rich in either phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid in coffee), monomeric flavonoids (herb teas, camomile (Matricaria recutita L.), vervain (Verbena officinalis L.), lime flower (Tilia cordata Mill.), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), or complex polyphenol polymerization products (black tea and cocoa). All beverages were potent inhibitors of Fe absorption and reduced absorption in a dose-dependent fashion depending on the content of total polyphenols. Compared with a water control meal, beverages containing 20-50 mg total polyphenols/serving reduced Fe absorption from the bread meal by 50-70%, whereas beverages containing 100-400 mg total polyphenols/serving reduced Fe absorption by 60-90%. Inhibition by black tea was 79-94%, peppermint tea 84%, pennyroyal 73%, cocoa 71%, vervain 59%, lime flower 52% and camomile 47%. At an identical concentration of total polyphenols, black tea was more inhibitory than cocoa, and more inhibitory than herb teas camomile, vervain, lime flower and pennyroyal, but was of equal inhibition to peppermint tea. Adding milk to coffee and tea had little or no influence on their inhibitory nature. Our findings demonstrate that herb teas, as well as black tea, coffee and coca can be potent inhibitors of Fe absorption. This property should be considered when giving dietary advice in relation to Fe nutrition.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral (Madrid )
                0212-1611
                August 2010
                : 25
                : 4
                : 561-571
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universitat de València Spain
                [2 ] Hero Infant Nutrition Institute Spain
                Article
                S0212-16112010000400007
                3cff1384-7b06-46c1-bd75-66100b0cb5bd

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                In vitro gastrointestinal digestion,Polyphenols,Colon cancer cells,Fruit beverages,Antiproliferative activity,Bebidas a base de zumo de frutas,Digestión gastrointestinal in vitro,Polifenoles,Células de cáncer de colon,Actividad antiproliferativa

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