To detect the expression of RhoC and Ki67 in squamous carcinoma of cervix and to reveal the correlation of RhoC and Ki67 with clinic pathological parameters of cervix carcinoma. The expressions of RhoC and Ki67 were evaluated in 26 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 57 cases of squamous carcinoma of cervix(SCC) by immunohistochemistry, while 14 cases of normal cervical epithelium(NCE) were taken as control. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated RhoC expression in 82.46% (47/57) of SCC, 15.38% (2/13) of CIN II/III, and negative expression in NCE and CIN I. The positive rate of RhoC expression in SCC was significantly higher than that in NCE and CIN (P < 0.05). The expression of RhoC in SCC was significantly correlated with pelvic lymph node metastasis and depth of stroma infiltration, but not correlated with age, FIGO staging,histologic grade and vascular space involvement. The positive rates of Ki67 expression in NCE, CIN I, CIN II/III and SCC were 28.57%, 38.46%, 100% and 96.49% respectively. The positive rates of Ki67 expression in SCC and CIN II/III were significantly higher than those in NCE and CIN I (P < 0.05). The expression of Ki67 in SCC was not correlated with the major clinic pathological parameters. There was no obvious relationship between the expression of RhoC gene and Ki67 antigen in SCC (P > 0. 05). The overexpression of RhoC may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of SCC. RhoC may be a potential marker to identify SCC patients with high risk of invasion and metastasis.