INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA EN EDUCACIÓN: HACIA LA GENERACIÓN DE TEORÍA A TRAVÉS DEL PROCESO ANALÍTICO

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Abstract

El presente artículo pretende contribuir a abordar el análisis cualitativo de la información que se recolecta durante el proceso de investigación en educación. En él se comparan algunos procedimientos analíticos, enfatizando en la inducción analítica y el método de las comparaciones constantes. A objeto de clarificar los procesos de codificación y categorización - que constituyen el sustrato básico sobre el cual se generará posteriormente la teoría - se presenta un ejemplo, cuyo corpus textual corresponde a un fragmento de un grupo focal del Proyecto Fondecyt 1030278 "Hacia la Autonomía Profesional del Docente. El Profesor como Investigador en el Aula". Finalmente, se discuten las ventajas y desventajas de las herramientas informáticas en el análisis cualitativo de la información

Translated abstract

This paper pretends to help approaching qualitative analysis of gathered information during the process of educational research. Here, some analytical procedures are compared, emphasizing the Analytical Induction and the Method of Constant Comparision. With the objective of clarifying the processes of codification and categorization -which constitute the basic substrate for the future generation of theory- an example is presented, a text coming from a focus group of the Fondecyt Project 1030278 "Towards the Professional Autonomy of the Docent. The Teacher as a Researcher in the Classroom". Finally, advantages and disadvantages of informatic tools applied to the qualitative analysis are discussed

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The Discovery of Grounded Theory

Barney G. Glaser, Anselm L. Strauss (1967)

Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications.In Part I of the book, Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis, the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data, the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, Implications of Grounded Theory, Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory.The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.