10
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Autoimmune hypophysitis as a cause of adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a case report

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background 

          Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is generally treated with multiple PAH-specific vasodilators. If these agents are unsuccessful, additional treatment options are scarce, and the prognosis is poor due to right-sided heart failure. Some of these severe cases are also accompanied by endocrinological side effects. The most common side effect of prostacyclin is thyroid dysfunction, but in very few cases, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency may occur.

          Case summary 

          A 35-year-old woman was diagnosed with hereditary PAH 2 years ago. Since her mean pulmonary arterial pressure was high, combination therapy of vasodilators, including prostacyclin, was introduced. Several months later, she was hospitalized with a persistent fever. Laboratory tests showed no findings suggestive of infection. However, hypereosinophilia and decreased secretion of ACTH and cortisol were noted, which led to the diagnosis of ACTH deficiency. A multimodal diagnostic approach, including pituitary magnetic resonance imaging and axillary lymph node biopsy, indicated that the aetiology of the ACTH deficiency was likely autoimmune hypophysitis. She was treated with hydrocortisone supplementation, which significantly relieved her condition.

          Discussion 

          Endocrinological side effects in PAH patients using prostacyclin should be carefully addressed. If right-sided heart failure worsens during the administration of prostacyclin, it is essential to determine whether it is due to progression of pulmonary hypertension or endocrinological side effects. Careful diagnosis and treatment are important for managing the haemodynamics and symptoms of PAH patients given prostacyclin.

          Related collections

          Most cited references7

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT).

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            A radiologic score to distinguish autoimmune hypophysitis from nonsecreting pituitary adenoma preoperatively.

            Autoimmune hypophysitis (AH) mimics the more common nonsecreting pituitary adenomas and can be diagnosed with certainty only histologically. Approximately 40% of patients with AH are still misdiagnosed as having pituitary macroadenoma and undergo unnecessary surgery. MR imaging is currently the best noninvasive diagnostic tool to differentiate AH from nonsecreting adenomas, though no single radiologic sign is diagnostically accurate. The purpose of this study was to develop a scoring system that summarizes numerous MR imaging signs to increase the probability of diagnosing AH before surgery. This was a case-control study of 402 patients, which compared the presurgical pituitary MR imaging features of patients with nonsecreting pituitary adenoma and controls with AH. MR images were compared on the basis of 16 morphologic features besides sex, age, and relation to pregnancy. Only 2 of the 19 proposed features tested lacked prognostic value. When the other 17 predictors were analyzed jointly in a multiple logistic regression model, 8 (relation to pregnancy, pituitary mass volume and symmetry, signal intensity and signal intensity homogeneity after gadolinium administration, posterior pituitary bright spot presence, stalk size, and mucosal swelling) remained significant predictors of a correct classification. The diagnostic score had a global performance of 0.9917 and correctly classified 97% of the patients, with a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 99%, a positive predictive value of 97%, and a negative predictive value of 97% for the diagnosis of AH. This new radiologic score could be integrated into the management of patients with AH, who derive greater benefit from medical as opposed to surgical treatment.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Management of prostacyclin side effects in adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

              Therapies that target the prostacyclin pathway are considered effective, yet are complex to dose and may cause dose-limiting side effects for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Careful side effect management and the ability to discern side effects from worsening disease are essential in order for patients to continue, and benefit from, prostacyclin therapy. This manuscript was developed through a collaborative effort of allied health providers with extensive experience in managing patients with PAH who are treated with medications that target the prostacyclin pathway. This article provides an overview of individual prostacyclin pathway therapies approved in the United States, side effects most commonly associated with these therapies, and practical suggestions for side effect management. Most patients will experience significant side effects on prostacyclin therapy. Creating a proactive and careful side effect management program will increase the likelihood that patients are able to stay on therapy and receive the benefits afforded by prostacyclin therapy.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Role: Editor
                Role: Editor
                Role: Editor
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                Eur Heart J Case Rep
                Eur Heart J Case Rep
                ehjcr
                European Heart Journal: Case Reports
                Oxford University Press
                2514-2119
                March 2021
                31 March 2021
                31 March 2021
                : 5
                : 3
                : ytab117
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine , 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
                [2 ] Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu, Japan
                Author notes
                Corresponding author. Tel: +81-(3)-5363-3874, Fax: +81-(3)-5363-3875, Email: m.kataoka09@ 123456keio.jp
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-1005
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-5789
                Article
                ytab117
                10.1093/ehjcr/ytab117
                8010336
                3ece8721-6793-4f94-97de-6e1620b8482c
                © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

                History
                : 27 September 2020
                : 26 October 2020
                : 28 February 2021
                Page count
                Pages: 6
                Categories
                Case Report
                AcademicSubjects/MED00200

                bone morphogenetic protein receptor type ii mutation,pituitary lesion,autoimmune hypophysitis, aadrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency,prostacyclin,case report

                Comments

                Comment on this article