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      Anxiety and cognitive performance: attentional control theory.

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          Abstract

          Attentional control theory is an approach to anxiety and cognition representing a major development of Eysenck and Calvo's (1992) processing efficiency theory. It is assumed that anxiety impairs efficient functioning of the goal-directed attentional system and increases the extent to which processing is influenced by the stimulus-driven attentional system. In addition to decreasing attentional control, anxiety increases attention to threat-related stimuli. Adverse effects of anxiety on processing efficiency depend on two central executive functions involving attentional control: inhibition and shifting. However, anxiety may not impair performance effectiveness (quality of performance) when it leads to the use of compensatory strategies (e.g., enhanced effort; increased use of processing resources). Directions for future research are discussed.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Emotion
          Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
          American Psychological Association (APA)
          1528-3542
          1528-3542
          May 2007
          : 7
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, London, United Kingdom. m.eysenck@rhul.ac.uk
          Article
          2007-06782-011
          10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336
          17516812
          3fa43711-5734-4582-8a4a-d343f403bacf
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