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      DH-Mammo PET: a dual-head positron emission mammography system for breast imaging.

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          Abstract

          Objective. To develop a simultaneous positron emission tomography-Optical (OPET) breast imaging dual-head PET subsystem, called DH-Mammo PET, for accurate, early diagnosis and efficacy assessment of breast cancer with high resolution and sensitivity.Approach. We developed a breast-dedicated PET based on LYSO crystal, silicon photomultiplier array and multi-voltage threshold sampling technique. It consists of two detector heads, each with a detection area of 216 mm × 145.5 mm. The distance between the detector heads is fixed at 120 mm. In order to extract coincidences and correct data, GPU-based software coincidence processing, random, scatter, normalization, gap-filling and attenuation corrections were applied in turn. The images were reconstructed using maximum likelihood expectation maximization with depth of interaction (DOI) modeling. The performance of DH-Mammo PET was evaluated referring to NEMA NU 4-2008, NU 2-2007 and Chinese industry recommended standard YY/T 1835-2022. Besides, several clinical patient images of DH-Mammo PET were compared with those of a whole-body PET/CT.Main results. The energy resolution was 14.5%, and time resolution was < 1.31 ns. Indicated by the22Na point source imaging, its spatial resolution was 2.60 mm (5.40 mm), 1.00 mm (1.04 mm), and 0.96 mm (0.93 mm) in theX,YandZdirections, respectively, using the system response matrix with (without) DOI modeling. Indicated by the Derenzo phantom imaging, the spatial resolution was ∼3.0 mm, <1.2 mm, and <1.2 mm in theX,YandZdirections. The system sensitivity was 6.87%, 4.89% and 3.37% with an energy window of 100-800, 250-750 and 350-650 keV, respectively. The scatter fraction was 26.43%, and the peak NECR was 162.6 kcps at 24.1 MBq for the modified rat-like phantom. As for the recovery coefficients, they ranged from 0.15 to 1.04 for rods between 1 and 5 mm obtained with a NEMA image quality phantom. The spill-over ratio for the air-filled and water-filled chamber was 0.05 and 0.11, respectively. DH-Mammo PET can provide more image details in clinical experiments and fulfil a fast scan with 60-120 s acquisition time.Significance. Good spatial resolution and high sensitivity of DH-Mammo PET would enable fast and accurate PET imaging of the breast. Besides, combining the DH-Mammo PET with the diffuse optical tomography would make full use of tumor metabolic imaging and tissue endogenous optical imaging, which would improve the accuracy of early clinical diagnosis of small lesions of breast cancers.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Phys Med Biol
          Physics in medicine and biology
          IOP Publishing
          1361-6560
          0031-9155
          Oct 07 2022
          : 67
          : 20
          Affiliations
          [1 ] School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China.
          [2 ] International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China.
          [3 ] Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China.
          [4 ] Raycan Technology Co., Ltd (Suzhou), Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, People's Republic of China.
          [5 ] CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
          [6 ] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
          [7 ] School of Medical Imaging, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei 050017, People's Republic of China.
          Article
          10.1088/1361-6560/ac934c
          36126658
          3fc722b4-12ac-4e52-9267-a7cf1b2a66ec
          History

          mammography,dual-head PET system,PET-optical,performance evaluation

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