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      Cardiac Effects of Persistent Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Access in Recipients of Renal Allograft

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          Abstract

          In hemodialysis patients, large arteriovenous (AV) fistulas for vascular access may cause ventricular hypertrophy and high-output cardiac failure. The long-term cardiac consequences of functional AV fistulas in renal transplant patients are unclear. A precise knowledge of these consequences is important to decide if and when such fistulas should be closed in successfully transplanted patients. In this retrospective study including 61 stable renal transplant patients with adequate renal function (serum creatinine <2.0 mg/100 ml), echocardiography was performed in 39 patients with a functional AV fistula (group 1) and in 22 whose fistulas had been closed, for esthetic reasons, within 2 months postoperatively (group 2). The volume flow of the fistulas, measured in 22 randomly selected individuals of group 1, was 900 ± 350 ml/min (range 500–1,600). Patients of group 1 were older (40 ± 12 vs. 33 ± 12 years, p < 0.05), had longer duration of the fistula (62 ± 31 vs. 36 ± 30 months, p < 0.05), higher body mass index (24 ± 4 vs. 22 ± 3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, p < 0.05), systolic (154 ± 24 vs. 138 ± 18 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and diastolic (96 ± 12 vs. 89 ± 11 mm Hg, p < 0.05) blood pressure and increased left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension (53 ± 5 vs. 49 ± 5 mm, p < 0.01). LV mass, cardiac index, ejection fraction and the proportion of patients with LV hypertrophy were comparable in the two groups. LV end-diastolic dimension was positively and independently influenced only by the presence of the AV fistula (p < 0.01) after adjusting for age, duration of the fistula, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the nature of the antihypertensive drugs used. In conclusion, the persistence of large, high-flow AV fistulas for prolonged periods of time had little impact on cardiac morphology and function of stable renal transplant patients with adequate renal function. The data do not support routine closure of these fistulas in all renal transplant patients.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          CRD
          Cardiology
          10.1159/issn.0008-6312
          Cardiology
          S. Karger AG
          0008-6312
          1421-9751
          1999
          April 2000
          19 April 2000
          : 92
          : 4
          : 236-239
          Affiliations
          aHypertension Unit and bDivision of Diagnostic Imaging, Instituto do Coraçao, and cRenal Transplant Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
          Article
          6980 Cardiology 1999;92:236–239
          10.1159/000006980
          10844383
          402c7c59-c479-446a-a59f-e35b10e26975
          © 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          Page count
          References: 11, Pages: 4
          Categories
          General Cardiology

          General medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Internal medicine,Nephrology
          Renal transplantation,Arteriovenous fistula,Echocardiography,Hemodialysis

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