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      El estigma asociado a los trastornos mentales en el paciente geriátrico: una revisión integradora Translated title: Mental health-related stigma in the geriatric patient: an integrative review

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivos: Analizar el estigma asociado a la enfermedad mental. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de carácter descriptivo, realizando una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el estigma social, el estigma personal y la enfermedad mental. Resultados: Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión establecidos, se seleccionaron y estudiaron un total de 21 artículos. Conclusiones: La literatura consultada muestra que el estigma hacia los trastornos mentales sigue siendo un problema en la sociedad actual, y que acarrea graves consecuencias tanto para los pacientes como para sus familiares.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objectives: To analyze the stigma associated with mental illness. Methodology: An integrative descriptive review was carried out. The bibliographic search was accomplished using keywords related to social stigma, personal stigma and mental illness. Results: After applying the established inclusion criteria, a total of 21 articles were selected and studied. Conclusions: The spoted literature shows that stigma towards mental disorders continues to be a problem in today's society, and that it has serious consequences for both patients and their families.

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          Association between mental health-related stigma and active help-seeking: systematic review and meta-analysis.

          Nina Schnyder, Radoslaw Panczak, Nicola Groth … (2017)
          BackgroundMental disorders create high individual and societal costs and burden, partly because help-seeking is often delayed or completely avoided. Stigma related to mental disorders or mental health services is regarded as a main reason for insufficient help-seeking.AimsTo estimate the impact of four stigma types (help-seeking attitudes and personal, self and perceived public stigma) on active help-seeking in the general population.MethodA systematic review of three electronic databases was followed by random effect meta-analyses according to the stigma types.ResultsTwenty-seven studies fulfilled eligibility criteria. Participants' own negative attitudes towards mental health help-seeking (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.88) and their stigmatising attitudes towards people with a mental illness (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.98) were associated with less active help-seeking. Self-stigma showed insignificant association (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.76-1.03), whereas perceived public stigma was not associated.ConclusionsPersonal attitudes towards mental illness or help-seeking are associated with active help-seeking for mental problems. Campaigns promoting help-seeking and fighting mental illness-related stigma should target these personal attitudes rather than broad public opinion.
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            Stigma and substance use disorders: an international phenomenon

            Lawrence H. Yang, Liang Y. Wong, Margaux M. Grivel … (2017)
            Purpose of the review To collect and update published information on the stigma associated with substance abuse in non-clinical samples, which has not been recently reviewed. Recent findings Searching large databases, a total of only 20 studies were published since 1999, with the majority of studies conducted outside the United States. Using major stigma concepts from a sociological framework (stereotyping, devaluation in terms of status loss, discrimination and negative emotional reactions), the studies reviewed predominantly indicated that the public holds very stigmatized views towards individuals with substance use disorders, and that the level of stigma was higher towards individuals with substance use disorders than towards those with other psychiatric disorders. Summary The prevalence of substance use disorders is increasing in the U.S. general population, but these disorders remain seriously under-treated. Stigma can reduce willingness of policy-makers to allocate resources, reduce willingness of providers in non-specialty settings to screen for and address substance abuse problems, and may limit willingness of individuals with such problems to seek treatment. All of these factors may help explain why so few individuals with substance use disorders receive treatment. Public education that reduces stigma and provides information about treatment is needed.
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              A Systematic Review of Dementia-related Stigma Research: Can We Move the Stigma Dial?

              Lynn K Herrmann, Elisabeth Welter, James Leverenz … (2018)
              Stigma negatively affects individuals with cognitive impairment and dementia. This literature review examined the past decade (January 2004 to December 2015) of world-wide research on dementia-related stigma. Using standard systematic review methodology, original research reports were identified and assessed for inclusion based on defined criteria. Initial database searches yielded 516 articles. After removing duplicates and articles that did not fit inclusion criteria (419), 97 articles were reviewed, yielding a final total of 51 publications, mainly originating in the United States and Europe. Studies were assessed for date, geographic region, sample description, methodology, and key findings. Reports were evaluated on 1) how stigmatizing attitudes may present in various subgroups, including in racial or ethnic minorities; 2) stigma assessment tools; and 3) prospective or experimental approaches to assess or manage stigma. Stigma impedes help-seeking and treatment, and occurs broadly and world wide. Stigmatizing attitudes appear worse among those with limited disease knowledge, those with little contact with people with dementia, in men, in younger individuals, and in the context of ethnicity and culture. In some cases, healthcare providers may have stigmatizing attitudes. In research studies, there does not appear to be consensus on how to best evaluate stigma, and there are few evidence-based stigma reduction approaches. Given the projected increase in persons with dementia globally, there is a critical need for research that better identifies and measures stigma and tests new approaches that can reduce stigmatizing attitudes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): geroko
                Title: Gerokomos
                Abbreviated Title: Gerokomos
                Publisher: Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                ISSN (Print): 1134-928X
                Publication date (Print and electronic): 2022
                Volume: 33
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 175-179
                Affiliations
                [3] Castellón Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [2] Castellón Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [1] Castellón Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I Spain
                Article
                Publisher ID: S1134-928X2022000300008 Publisher ID: S1134-928X(22)03300300008
                SO-VID: 404e2ec6-ea70-4331-9b9c-11bb792e94fe
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 10 January 2021
                Date accepted : 05 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Subject: Revisiones

                Keywords: geriatría,Social stigma,stereotyping,prejudice,mental disorders,psychiatry,geriatrics,Estigma social,estereotipo,autoimagen,trastornos mentales,psiquiatría
                Data availability:
                Keywords: geriatría, Social stigma, stereotyping, prejudice, mental disorders, psychiatry, geriatrics, Estigma social, estereotipo, autoimagen, trastornos mentales, psiquiatría

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