Mindful Self-Care and Resiliency (MSCR): protocol for a pilot trial of a brief mindfulness intervention to promote occupational resilience in rural general practitioners

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Abstract

Introduction

The Mindful Self-Care and Resiliency (MSCR) programme is a brief psychosocial intervention designed to promote resilience among various occupational groups. The intervention is based on the principles of mindfulness and also incorporates an educational self-care component. The current paper presents the protocol for a pilot study that will evaluate the effectiveness of this programme among general practitioners working in rural Queensland, Australia.

Methods and analysis

We will measure the impact of the MSCR programme on levels of employee resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale; State-Trait Assessment of Resilience STARS), compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue (Professional Quality of Life Scale), self-compassion (Self-Compassion Scale) and mood (Positive and Negative Affect Scale). We will also assess the impact of the programme on job satisfaction (The Abridged Job in General Scale), absenteeism/presenteeism (The WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire) and general well-being (WHO Five Well-being Index). Repeated measures analysis of variance will be used to analyse the impact of the intervention on the outcome measures taken at pre, post, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. We will conduct individual interviews with participants to gather data on the feasibility and acceptability of the programme. Finally, we will conduct an initial cost-effectiveness analysis of the programme.

Ethics and dissemination

Approval for this study was obtained from the Curtin University Human Research ethics committee and the study has been registered with the Australian Clinical Trials Registry. Results will be published and presented at national and international congresses.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12617001479392p; Pre-results.

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Most cited references 19

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Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Kathryn M Connor, Jonathan Davidson (2003)

Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. The scale was administered to subjects in the following groups: community sample, primary care outpatients, general psychiatric outpatients, clinical trial of generalized anxiety disorder, and two clinical trials of PTSD. The reliability, validity, and factor analytic structure of the scale were evaluated, and reference scores for study samples were calculated. Sensitivity to treatment effects was examined in subjects from the PTSD clinical trials. The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties and factor analysis yielded five factors. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that an increase in CD-RISC score was associated with greater improvement during treatment. Improvement in CD-RISC score was noted in proportion to overall clinical global improvement, with greatest increase noted in subjects with the highest global improvement and deterioration in CD-RISC score in those with minimal or no global improvement. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties and distinguishes between those with greater and lesser resilience. The scale demonstrates that resilience is modifiable and can improve with treatment, with greater improvement corresponding to higher levels of global improvement. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Measuring well-being rather than the absence of distress symptoms: a comparison of the SF-36 Mental Health subscale and the WHO-Five well-being scale

Mette Kjoller, Per Bech, Lis Olsen … (2003)

The health status questionnaire Short‐Form 36 (SF‐36) includes subscales measuring both physical health and mental health. Psychometrically, the mental health subscale contains a mixture of mental symptoms and psychological well‐being items, among other things, to prevent a ceiling effect when used in general population studies. Three of the mental health well‐being items are also included in the WHO‐Five well‐being scale. In a Danish general population study, the mental health subscale was compared psychometrically with the WHO‐Five in order to evaluate the ceiling effect. Tests for unidimensionality were used in the psychometric analyses, and the sensitivity of the scales in differentiating between changes in self‐reported health over the past year has been tested. The results of the study on 9,542 respondents showed that, although the WHO‐Five and the mental health subscale were found to be unidimensional, the WHO‐Five had a significantly lower ceiling effect than the mental health subscale. The analysis identified the three depression symptoms in the mental health subscale as responsible for the ceiling effect. The WHO‐Five was also found to be significantly superior to the mental health subscale in terms of its sensitivity in differentiating between those persons whose health had deteriorated over the past year and those whose health had not. In conclusion, the WHO‐Five, which measures psychological well‐being, reflects aspects other than just the absence of depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2003 Whurr Publishers Ltd.

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Effective and viable mind-body stress reduction in the workplace: a randomized controlled trial.

Ruth Wolever, Kyra Bobinet, Kelley McCabe … (2012)

Highly stressed employees are subject to greater health risks, increased cost, and productivity losses than those with normal stress levels. To address this issue in an evidence-based manner, worksite stress management programs must be able to engage individuals as well as capture data on stress, health indices, work productivity, and health care costs. In this randomized controlled pilot, our primary objective was to evaluate the viability and proof of concept for two mind-body workplace stress reduction programs (one therapeutic yoga-based and the other mindfulness-based), in order to set the stage for larger cost-effectiveness trials. A second objective was to evaluate 2 delivery venues of the mindfulness-based intervention (online vs. in-person). Intention-to-treat principles and 2 (pre and post) × 3 (group) repeated-measures analysis of covariance procedures examined group differences over time on perceived stress and secondary measures to clarify which variables to include in future studies: sleep quality, mood, pain levels, work productivity, mindfulness, blood pressure, breathing rate, and heart rate variability (a measure of autonomic balance). Two hundred and thirty-nine employee volunteers were randomized into a therapeutic yoga worksite stress reduction program, 1 of 2 mindfulness-based programs, or a control group that participated only in assessment. Compared with the control group, the mind-body interventions showed significantly greater improvements on perceived stress, sleep quality, and the heart rhythm coherence ratio of heart rate variability. The two delivery venues for the mindfulness program produced basically equivalent results. Both the mindfulness-based and therapeutic yoga programs may provide viable and effective interventions to target high stress levels, sleep quality, and autonomic balance in employees. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMJ Open

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMJ Open

Journal ID (hwp): bmjopen

Journal ID (publisher-id): bmjopen

Title: BMJ Open

Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )

ISSN (Electronic): 2044-6055

Publication date Collection: 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 30 June 2018

Volume: 8

Issue: 6

Electronic Location Identifier: e021027

Affiliations

[1 ] departmentSchool of Psychology and Speech Pathology , Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia

[2 ] departmentSchool of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine , Curtin University , Perth, Australia

[3 ] departmentCentre for Nursing Research , Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital , Perth, Western Australia, Australia

[4 ] departmentSchool of Psychology , Murdoch University , Perth, Australia

[5 ] departmentResearch Division , Central Queensland University , Brisbane, Australia

[6 ] departmentSchool of Applied Psychology , Griffith University , Nathan, Queensland, Australia

Author notes

[Correspondence to ] Professor Clare Rees; C.Rees@ 123456curtin.edu.au

Author information

Clare Harvey http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-8840

Article

Publisher ID: bmjopen-2017-021027

DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021027

PMC ID: 6042610

PubMed ID: 29961022

SO-VID: 40d5181e-a797-4542-ba7c-18cd72e31eb9

License:

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

History

Date received : 12 December 2017

Date revision received : 26 April 2018

Date accepted : 21 May 2018

Funding

Funded by: Emerald GP Super Clinic;

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special-feature unlocked

ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: general practice,stress,burnout,rural practice,resilience

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: general practice, stress, burnout, rural practice, resilience

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Mindful Self-Care and Resiliency (MSCR): protocol for a pilot trial of a brief mindfulness intervention to promote occupational resilience in rural general practitioners

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Abstract

Introduction

Methods and analysis

Ethics and dissemination

Trial registration number

Related collections

Chinese Journal of General Practice

Most cited references 19

Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Measuring well-being rather than the absence of distress symptoms: a comparison of the SF-36 Mental Health subscale and the WHO-Five well-being scale

Effective and viable mind-body stress reduction in the workplace: a randomized controlled trial.

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Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Author information

Article

History

Funding

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Custom metadata

Comments

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Cited by 6

Most referenced authors 511