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      The neuropathogenesis of AIDS.

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          Abstract

          HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is an important complication of the central nervous system in patients who are infected with HIV-1. Although the incidence of HAD has markedly decreased since it has become possible to effectively control viral replication in the blood by administering highly active antiretroviral therapy, a less severe form of HAD, comprising a milder cognitive and motor disorder, is now potentially a serious problem. Brain macrophages and microglia are the key cell types that are infected by HIV-1 in the central nervous system, and they are likely to mediate the neurodegeneration seen in patients with HAD; however, the precise pathogenesis of this neurodegeneration is still unclear. Here, we discuss the studies that are being carried out to determine the respective contributions of infection, and monocyte and macrophage activation, to disease progression.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Nat Rev Immunol
          Nature reviews. Immunology
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1474-1733
          1474-1733
          Jan 2005
          : 5
          : 1
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Neurology, 3 West Gates, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104-4283, USA. scarano@mail.med.upenn.edu
          Article
          nri1527
          10.1038/nri1527
          15630430
          40e235d1-ce8e-4755-86d5-c7aa629b96d2
          History

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