26
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Disminución de hipercolesterolemia infantojuvenil tras dos años de intervención Translated title: Hypercholesterolemia reduction in children and adolescents after two years of intervention

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Introducción. La hipercolesterolemia, un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular, puede comenzar en la niñez. La detección precoz y un proceso educativo permitirían cambiar hábitos y disminuir su prevalencia. Objetivo. Evaluar las modificaciones del nivel de colesterolemia luego de una intervención educativa; analizar la relación entre hipercolesterolemia e historia clínica familiar para factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Métodos. En 2003 se midió colesterolemia. Durante dos años se realizó una intervención educativa, formal e informal, con adaptaciones curriculares, charlas, campañas en radio y TV, prensa gráfica, teatralizaciones, talleres y folletos. En 2005 se midió colesterolemia y se realizó una encuesta sobre cambios de hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física, e historia familiar de riesgo cardiovascular. Resultados. En 161 escolares, evaluados en ambas oportunidades, hubo un significativo descenso en la media de colesterol total de 13 mg/dl (p< 0,0000); 51 alumnos (31,7%) normalizaron su colesterol total (<170 mg/dl). En 66 alumnos con colesterol total > 199 mg/dl, las variaciones de las medias fueron: colesterol total= -21 mg/dl, colesterol-LDL= -16 mg/dl. La encuesta reveló mejoras en los hábitos. La historia familiar fue positiva en un 59%, desconocida en un 14% y negativa en un 27%; estos últimos, respondieron mejor a la intervención. Conclusión. Se obtuvo un descenso significativo de colesterol total en la población estudiada, que podría ser atribuido a la intervención educativa. Más de una cuarta parte de los individuos presentaron historia familiar negativa. La disminución del colesterol total fue mejor en este grupo.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction. Hypercholesterolemia, one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, can be detected since childhood. The early detection and a suitable educational process would allow to generate changes of habits and to decrease its prevalence. In 2003, total cholesterol (TC) > 170 mg/dl was found in 39.2% school children and adolescents, aged 5-17 years, of Jovita, Córdoba. Objective. To assess cholesterol levels decrease after an educational process and to analyze the relation between hypercholesterolemia and family history for cardiovascular diseases. Methods. Formal and no formal educational intervention was developed for two years, through curricular adaptations, talks, campaigns in radio and TV, graphic press, drama, workshops and leaflets. In 2005, cholesterol level was assessed, along with a survey on changes of nutritional habits and physical activity, and family history. Results. A group of 161 students was assesses in both opportunities. There was a significant reduction in total cholesterol (average 13 mg/dl; p< 0.0000), 51 students (31.7%) normalized their TC values (<170 mg/dl). The effect of regression to the average was 3 mg/dl. In a group of 66 students with TC > 199 mg/dl, the variations of the averages were: TC= -21 mg/dl, LDL-C= -16 mg/dl. The survey revealed improvements in the habits; family history was positive in 59%, unknown in 14%, and negative in 27%, the last ones had the best response to the intervention. Conclusion. A significant reduction of TC was obtained in the studied population; this may be due to the educational intervention. More than a quarter of the individuals presented negative family history for cardiovascular risk factors. Decrease in TC was proportionally better in this group than in those with positive family history.

          Related collections

          Most cited references41

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease.

          Anon. (1984)
          The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT), a multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, tested the efficacy of cholesterol lowering in reducing risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 3,806 asymptomatic middle-aged men with primary hypercholesterolemia (type II hyperlipoproteinemia). The treatment group received the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine resin and the control group received a placebo for an average of 7.4 years. Both groups followed a moderate cholesterol-lowering diet. The cholestyramine group experienced average plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reductions of 13.4% and 20.3%, respectively, which were 8.5% and 12.6% greater reductions than those obtained in the placebo group. The cholestyramine group experienced a 19% reduction in risk (p less than .05) of the primary end point--definite CHD death and/or definite nonfatal myocardial infarction--reflecting a 24% reduction in definite CHD death and a 19% reduction in nonfatal myocardial infarction. The cumulative seven-year incidence of the primary end point was 7% in the cholestyramine group v 8.6% in the placebo group. In addition, the incidence rates for new positive exercise tests, angina, and coronary bypass surgery were reduced by 25%, 20%, and 21%, respectively, in the cholestyramine group. The risk of death from all causes was only slightly and not significantly reduced in the cholestyramine group. The magnitude of this decrease (7%) was less than for CHD end points because of a greater number of violent and accidental deaths in the cholestyramine group. The LRC-CPPT findings show that reducing total cholesterol by lowering LDL-C levels can diminish the incidence of CHD morbidity and mortality in men at high risk for CHD because of raised LDL-C levels. This clinical trial provides strong evidence for a causal role for these lipids in the pathogenesis of CHD.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering.

            (1984)
            In the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT), a 19% lower incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in cholestyramine-treated men was accompanied by mean falls of 8% and 12% in plasma total (TOTAL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol levels relative to levels in placebo-treated men. When the cholestyramine treatment group was analyzed separately, a 19% reduction in CHD risk was also associated with each decrement of 8% in TOTAL-C or 11% in LDL-C levels (P less than .001). Moreover, CHD incidence in men sustaining a fall of 25% in TOTAL-C or 35% in LDL-C levels, typical responses to the prescribed dosage (24 g/day) of cholestyramine resin, was half that of men who remained at pretreatment levels. Adherence to medication was associated with reduced incidence of CHD only when accompanied by falls in TOTAL-C and LDL-C levels. Small increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, which accompanied cholestyramine treatment, independently accounted for a 2% reduction in CHD risk. Thus, the reduction of CHD incidence in the cholestyramine group seems to have been mediated chiefly by reduction of TOTAL-C and LDL-C levels.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Variations of autonomic tone preceding onset of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting.

              Assessment of autonomic tone preceding the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with heart rate variability was examined in 64 patients scheduled for elective CABG (days 2 to 5). Ninety-six-hour Holter tapes were analyzed in each patient and all events labeled by an experienced technician. The hour preceding AF was divided into 4 quarters (heart rate variability calculated per quarter) and compared with similar time episodes from the group without AF. Twenty-six of 64 patients (40%) had a total of 35 episodes. Only increased age (68+/-5 vs 62+/-9 years) and lower ejection fraction (66+/-16% vs 73+/-8%) were associated with an increased risk for AF. Before onset, a greater number of atrial premature complexes was observed. The standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN) showed an increase in the group with AF in the last 15 minutes (significant vs controls and within the AF group). The low-frequency/high-frequency ratio was significantly lower in patients in the first 30 minutes, followed by an increase mainly because the high-frequency spectrum became less important. Thus, initiation of postoperative AF is influenced by autonomic tone variations. A shift in the autonomic balance with a loss of vagal tone and a moderate increase in sympathetic tone are observed before the onset of AF compared with those in controls.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aap
                Archivos argentinos de pediatría
                Arch. argent. pediatr.
                Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría (Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                0325-0075
                1668-3501
                December 2009
                : 107
                : 6
                : 488-495
                Affiliations
                [01] Jovita Córdoba orgnameLaboratorio de Análisis Clínicos de Jovita
                [02] Río Cuarto Córdoba orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Río Cuarto orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
                Article
                S0325-00752009000600004
                410b582f-e7f6-463b-b130-bdda18cd691d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 September 2009
                : 03 February 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Cardiovascular diseases,Hypercholesterolemia,Children,Intervention,Enfermedades cardiovasculares,Hipercolesterolemia,Niños,Intervención

                Comments

                Comment on this article