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      Efeito da nicarbazina sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte recebendo diferentes níveis de lisina submetidos a estresse por calor Translated title: Effect of nicarbazin on the performance of broiler chicks fed diets with different lysine levels submitted to heat stress

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          Abstract

          Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da adição de nicarbazina e níveis de lisina na ração de frangos de corte no período de 1 a 21 dias de idade e seu efeito residual sobre o período de 22 a 49 dias de idade. As aves foram criadas em ambiente de alta temperatura. Foram utilizados 480 frangos de corte machos da marca Ross, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x4 (adição ou não de nicarbazina e nível de lisina) seis repetições e 10 aves por unidade experimental. Foram utilizados dois programas no combate a coccidiose: um programa dual, em que as aves receberam nicarbazina de 1 a 21 dias e monensina de 22 a 49 dias, e um programa único de controle, no qual somente a monensina foi fornecida para as aves de 1 aos 42 dias. A ração e a água foram fornecidas à vontade. Verificou-se que as aves que receberam nicarbazina tiveram consumo de ração e ganho de peso menores e conversão alimentar pior do que as aves recebendo o programa controle. Os pesos corporais e rendimentos de carcaça e de cortes nobres foram reduzidos pelo efeito da nicarbazina. Os pesos absoluto e relativo de órgãos também foram reduzidos nas aves tratadas com nicarbazina, quando comparadas àquelas que não receberam a droga na ração. Não foi viável a inclusão de nicarbazina em rações para aves mantidas em ambiente de alta temperatura.

          Translated abstract

          This work was conducted aiming to evaluate the effect of the addition nicarbazin and lysine levels in the diet of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age and its residual effect on the period from 22 to 49 days of age. The broilers were created in high environmental temperature. Four hundred and eighty male broilers Ross brand were used, in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2x4 factorial arrangement (addition or not of nicarbazin and level of lysine), six replications of 10 birds per experimental unit. Nicarbazin and monensin were added to 1-21d and 22-42d diets, respectively, in a dual anticoccidial program and a control anticoccidial program where only the monensin was fed to the birds from 1 to 42 d. The diet and the water were ad libitum fed. Birds fed nicarbazin-monenzin showed lower feed intake and average weight gain, and higher feed:gain ratio than those fed control anticoccidial program. The body weights and the carcass and edible cuts yield were reduced by the effect of the nicarbazin. The birds fed diet with nicarbazin showed reduced absolute and relative organs weights as compared to those that did not receive the drug in the diet. The addition of nicarbazin in diets for broilers under heat stress is not feasible.

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          Most cited references12

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          Manual de utilização do programa SAEG (Sistema para Análises Estatísticas e Genética).

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            Mortality from heat stress in broiler chickens influenced by anticoccidial drugs.

            The relationship of anticoccidial drug to heat stress mortality in broilers was studied in a replicated floor-pen experiment during a period of hot weather in Georgia. Overall mortality during the 8-week study averaged 6% in unmedicated and monensin-medicated birds or lasalocid-medicated birds, 10% in arprinocid-medicated birds, and 36% in nicarbazin-medicated birds. Most of the death losses were attributed to heat stress. Maximum death losses coincided with three periods of hot weather, when the birds were 22, 33, or 49 days old. Of 114 dead birds in the nicarbazin treatment, 68 were male and 46 were female.
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              Influence of anticoccidial drugs on losses of broiler chickens from heat stress and coccidiosis.

              A floor-pen experiment conducted to study the anticoccidial efficacy of a number of drugs coincided with prolonged periods of hot weather and provided a good opportunity to study the interactions of anticoccidial drugs and environmental temperature. Six replicates of 60 day-old male chicks were fed one of the experimental diets for 48 days followed by a 5-day withdrawal period. The treatments consisted of unmedicated, salinomycin (60 ppm), monensin (100 ppm), arprinocid (60 ppm), halofuginone (3 ppm), amprolium/ethopabate (125/4 ppm), nicarbazin (125 ppm), and clopidol (125 ppm). Coccidiosis exposure was produced by mixing the suspensions of oocysts with the feed. Eleven heat related mortality episodes were recorded in the period of the experiment. All the mortality peaks were recorded at environmental temperatures at or above 37.8 C and relative humidity of 80 to 98%. Heat stress caused an excessive mortality in nicarbazin treated birds at an early age (18 to 29 days of age), while heat related mortality was low at this age with other drug treatments. Total heat related mortality with nicarbazin treated birds was significantly higher (59.2%) than the other treatments (8 to 18.6%). In order to investigate further the interaction of environmental temperature and nicarbazin, two battery trials were conducted in controlled environmental rooms. No heat stress mortality was recorded in the period of the first trial when nicarbazin treated birds were exposed to a constant environmental temperature of 32.2 C; however, their performance was affected. The results of the second trail showed that when nicarbazin treated birds were exposed to a constant environmental temperature of 37.8 C they suffered more severely from the heat stress than the unmedicated group in a short period of time. The results of these experiments confirmed that an interaction exists between high environmental temperatures and the anticoccidial drug nicarbazin.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa )
                1806-9290
                June 2001
                : 30
                : 3 suppl 1
                : 1052-1057
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                Article
                S1516-35982001000400020
                10.1590/S1516-35982001000400020
                411d2d19-6bff-4ec7-b722-744e8999b285

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1516-3598&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                Animal agriculture,General veterinary medicine
                broiler,heat stress,lysine,nicarbazin,estresse de calor,frango de corte,lisina,nicarbazina

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