Association of High Expression of Mitochondrial Fission Regulator 2 with Poor Survival of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Abstract

Mitochondrial fission regulator 2 (MTFR2) is associated with mitochondrial fission, while few studies have assessed the associations between MTFR2 expression and clinical characteristics or prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we compared the expression of MTFR2 in 6 ESCC tumors and relative normal tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC). To assess the effect of MTFR2 expression on clinicopathologic characteristics and survival, 115 paraffin embedded ESCC tissue samples were assessed by IHC staining. Furthermore, the association between clinicopathological properties and MTFR2 expression in patients with ESCC was examined. The survival analysis was performed using the Cox regression models. We found that MTFR2 expression was significantly increased in ESCC tumors compared with normal esophageal epithelial cells. IHC analysis of 115 paraffin embedded ESCC tumor specimens of the patients showed that the expression of MTFR2 was significantly associated with clinical stage ( P < 0.001), tumor classification ( P < 0.001), histological grade ( P < 0.001), and other clinicopathological characteristics. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that MTFR2 expression was inversely correlated with the survival of ESCC patients. In conclusion, the expression of MTFR2 is significantly associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of ESCC. Thus, MTFR2 expression could serve as a potentially important prognostic biomarker and clinical target for patients with ESCC.

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Cancer constitutes an enormous burden on society in more and less economically developed countries alike. The occurrence of cancer is increasing because of the growth and aging of the population, as well as an increasing prevalence of established risk factors such as smoking, overweight, physical inactivity, and changing reproductive patterns associated with urbanization and economic development. Based on GLOBOCAN estimates, about 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths occurred in 2012 worldwide. Over the years, the burden has shifted to less developed countries, which currently account for about 57% of cases and 65% of cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among males in both more and less developed countries, and has surpassed breast cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among females in more developed countries; breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. Other leading causes of cancer death in more developed countries include colorectal cancer among males and females and prostate cancer among males. In less developed countries, liver and stomach cancer among males and cervical cancer among females are also leading causes of cancer death. Although incidence rates for all cancers combined are nearly twice as high in more developed than in less developed countries in both males and females, mortality rates are only 8% to 15% higher in more developed countries. This disparity reflects regional differences in the mix of cancers, which is affected by risk factors and detection practices, and/or the availability of treatment. Risk factors associated with the leading causes of cancer death include tobacco use (lung, colorectal, stomach, and liver cancer), overweight/obesity and physical inactivity (breast and colorectal cancer), and infection (liver, stomach, and cervical cancer). A substantial portion of cancer cases and deaths could be prevented by broadly applying effective prevention measures, such as tobacco control, vaccination, and the use of early detection tests. © 2015 American Cancer Society.

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Is Open Access

Epidemiology of Esophageal Cancer in Japan and China

(2013)

In preparation for a collaborative multidisciplinary study of the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, the authors reviewed the published literature to identify similarities and differences between Japan and China in esophageal cancer epidemiology. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histologic type, while the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma remains extremely low in both countries. Numerous epidemiologic studies in both countries show that alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are contributing risk factors for ESCC. There are differences, however, in many aspects of esophageal cancer between Japan and China, including cancer burden, patterns of incidence and mortality, sex ratio of mortality, risk factor profiles, and genetic variants. Overall incidence and mortality rates are higher in China than in Japan, and variation in mortality and incidence patterns is greater in China than in Japan. During the study period (1987–2000), the decline in age-adjusted mortality rates was more apparent in China than in Japan. Risk factor profiles differed between high- and low-incidence areas within China, but not in Japan. The association of smoking and drinking with ESCC risk appears to be weaker in China than in Japan. Genome-wide association studies in China showed that variants in several chromosome regions conferred increased risk, but only genetic variants in alcohol-metabolizing genes were significantly associated with ESCC risk in Japan. A well-designed multidisciplinary epidemiologic study is needed to examine the role of diet and eating habits in ESCC risk.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Cancer Prev

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Cancer Prev

Title: Journal of Cancer Prevention

Publisher: Korean Society of Cancer Prevention

ISSN (Print): 2288-3649

ISSN (Electronic): 2288-3657

Publication date (Print): 30 December 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 30 December 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 30 December 2021

Volume: 26

Issue: 4

Pages: 250-257

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China

[2 ]Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China

[3 ]Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

Author notes

Correspondence to Yipeng Song, E-mail: syp1972@ 123456sina.com , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5030-9159 Rukun Zang, E-mail: zangrukun@ 123456163.com , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-8220

[*]

These authors are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work.

Author information

Hongwei Li https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-4482

Xingzhuang Zhu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6706-2666

Wei Zhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3936-4966

Wenjie Lu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-1740

Chuan Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0642-3154

Jinbo Ma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-9466

Rukun Zang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-8220

Yipeng Song https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5030-9159

Article

Publisher ID: jcp-26-4-250

DOI: 10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.250

PMC ID: 8749323

SO-VID: 41d494f9-8287-470f-9e0e-77660972d293

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 12 August 2021

Date revision received : 20 September 2021

Date accepted : 23 September 2021

Association of High Expression of Mitochondrial Fission Regulator 2 with Poor Survival of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 29

Global cancer statistics, 2012.

Mitochondrial ROS in cancer: initiators, amplifiers or an Achilles' heel?

Epidemiology of Esophageal Cancer in Japan and China

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